| The influence of inspired oxygen fraction and end-tidal carbon dioxide on post-cross-clamp cerebral oxygenation during carotid endarterectomy under general anesthesia. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 19955500 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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BACKGROUND: Ten to fifteen percent of awake patients develop neurological deficits secondary to cerebral hypoperfusion after carotid artery cross-clamping. The reversal of such deficits by increasing the inspired oxygen fraction (Fio(2)) has been demonstrated, and regional cerebral oxygenation (rSO(2)) has been shown to improve during carotid cross-clamping in awake patients by increasing Fio(2). Paradoxical improvements in cerebral blood flow during carotid endarterectomy (CEA) at the time of cross-clamping and normalization of post-cross-clamp electroencephalographic abnormalities have been induced by hypocapnia. We performed this study to determine the influence of Fio(2) and end-tidal carbon dioxide (Petco(2)) on rSO(2) in patients undergoing CEA with general anesthesia during carotid cross-clamping. METHODS: Twenty patients were recruited. Ten underwent elective shunting. Patients received standardized general anesthesia. rSO(2) was measured using the INVOS 5100B monitor (Somanetics Corporation, Troy, MI). After carotid cross-clamping, Fio(2) and minute ventilation were sequentially adjusted: 1) Fio(2) 30%, Petco(2) 30-35 mm Hg; 2) Fio(2) 100%, Petco(2) 30-35 mm Hg; and 3) Fio(2) 100%, Petco(2) 40-45 mm Hg. At each point, rSO(2) was recorded from both operative and nonoperative sides, and arterial blood gas analysis was performed. RESULTS: Results from shunted and unshunted patients were analyzed separately. Increasing Fio(2): Administration of 100% oxygen while maintaining Petco(2) in the range 30-35 mm Hg in unshunted patients resulted in an 8% increase (P = 0.008) in rSO(2) on the operative side and a 6% increase (P = 0.011) on the nonoperative side compared with an Fio(2) of 30%. In shunted patients, administration of 100% oxygen while maintaining the Petco(2) in the range 30-35 mm Hg resulted in a 4% increase in rSO(2) on both the operative side (P = 0.008) and the nonoperative side (P = 0.011) compared with an Fio(2) of 30%. Increasing Petco(2): In unshunted patients, there was a 6% (P = 0.008) increase in rSO(2) on the operative side and a 5% increase (P = 0.024) on the nonoperative side at Petco(2) 40-45 mm Hg compared with Petco(2) 30-35 mm Hg maintaining Fio(2) at 100%. In shunted patients, there was a 3% increase (P = 0.018) in rSO(2) on the operative side and a 4% increase (P = 0.007) on the nonoperative side at Petco(2) 40-45 mm Hg compared with Petco(2) 30-35 mm Hg maintaining Fio(2) at 100%. CONCLUSION: rSO(2) is reliably improved during carotid cross-clamping by increasing Fio(2) in patients undergoing CEA with general anesthesia. Additional improvement in rSO(2) may be gained by increasing Petco(2). |
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Authors:
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Paul Picton; Jonathan Chambers; Amy Shanks; Perma Dorje |
Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article Date: 2009-12-02 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Anesthesia and analgesia Volume: 110 ISSN: 1526-7598 ISO Abbreviation: Anesth. Analg. Publication Date: 2010 Feb |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2010-01-18 Completed Date: 2010-02-08 Revised Date: 2010-05-28 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 1310650 Medline TA: Anesth Analg Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 581-7 Citation Subset: AIM; IM |
Affiliation:
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Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA. ppicton@med.umich.ed |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Aged Aged, 80 and over Anesthesia, General* Carbon Dioxide / blood* Carotid Arteries / physiology Cerebrovascular Circulation* Constriction Electroencephalography Endarterectomy, Carotid* Female Humans Male Middle Aged Oxygen / blood* Oxygen Inhalation Therapy* |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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124-38-9/Carbon Dioxide; 7782-44-7/Oxygen |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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