Document Detail


Infant feeding practices and associated factors through the first 9 months of life in Bavaria, Germany.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  19581814     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
OBJECTIVES: To investigate infant feeding and breast-feeding practices during the first 9 months of life in Bavaria, Germany, in relation to recommendations and to identify factors associated with early feeding of semisolid food. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data from 3103 infants throughout Bavaria, Germany, were collected in a prospective cohort study. Questionnaires were administered at the age of 6 days, and 2, 4, 6, and 9 months. RESULTS: There was a considerable variety concerning the time when complementary feeding was introduced. Only 16.4% of the infants ate solid/semisolid food before the age of 5 months. Most of the infants received as their first solid food a mash of vegetable, meat, and potato. Compared to national guidelines fluids were introduced early. More than 37% of the breast-fed infants received additional fluids/formula. The strongest risk factor associated with complementary feeding before the fifth month was breast-feeding duration of less than 4 months (any breast-feeding) with an odds ratio of 8.57 (95% confidence interval 6.16-11.94). Other factors were low level of education, young age of the mother, smoking habit of the mother, and mother not being born in Germany. CONCLUSIONS: Further improvements in nutrition of infants may be achieved in 2 ways: promotion of breast-feeding according to current recommendations and better counselling on the correct timing of introduction of semisolid food-especially for parents of not- or short-time breast-fed babies and focused on young mothers with low levels of education.
Authors:
Barbara Rebhan; Martina Kohlhuber; Ursula Schwegler; Berthold V Koletzko; Hermann Fromme
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Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't    
Journal Detail:
Title:  Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition     Volume:  49     ISSN:  1536-4801     ISO Abbreviation:  J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr.     Publication Date:  2009 Oct 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2009-12-29     Completed Date:  2010-05-14     Revised Date:  -    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  8211545     Medline TA:  J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr     Country:  United States    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  467-73     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
Department of Environmental Health, Bavarian Health and Food Safety Agency, Oberschleissheim, Germany. Barbara.Rebhan@lgl.bayern.de
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Adolescent
Adult
Age Factors
Breast Feeding / statistics & numerical data*
Diet
Educational Status
Female
Germany
Humans
Infant
Infant Food / statistics & numerical data*
Infant Formula
Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena*
Infant, Newborn*
Middle Aged
Odds Ratio
Prospective Studies
Risk Factors
Smoking
Young Adult

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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