| Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase and regulatory function: tryptophan starvation and beyond. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 20941617 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) is an ancestral enzyme that, initially confined to the regulation of tryptophan availability in local tissue microenvironments, is now considered to play a wider role that extends to homeostasis and plasticity of the immune system. Thus, IDO biology has many implications for many aspects of immunopathology, including viral infections, neoplasia, autoimmunity, and chronic inflammation. Its immunoregulatory effects are mainly mediated by dendritic cells (DCs) and involve not only tryptophan deprivation but also production of kynurenines that act on IDO(-) DCs--thus rendering an otherwise stimulatory DC capable of regulatory effects--as well as on T cells. As a result, IDO(+) DCs mediate multiple effects on T lymphocytes, including inhibition of proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation toward a regulatory phenotype. |
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Authors:
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Ciriana Orabona; Ursula Grohmann |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) Volume: 677 ISSN: 1940-6029 ISO Abbreviation: Methods Mol. Biol. Publication Date: 2011 |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2010-10-13 Completed Date: 2011-02-02 Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 9214969 Medline TA: Methods Mol Biol Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 269-80 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy. |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Cells, Cultured Dendritic Cells / immunology*, physiology Humans Immune Tolerance / genetics, physiology* Immunotherapy / methods Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase / deficiency*, physiology* Kynurenine / metabolism*, therapeutic use T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / immunology Tryptophan / deficiency*, metabolism Tryptophan Oxygenase / metabolism |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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343-65-7/Kynurenine; 73-22-3/Tryptophan; EC 1.13.11.11/Tryptophan Oxygenase; EC 1.13.11.42/Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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