| Independent information of nonspecific biomarkers in exhaled breath condensate. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 20699611 Owner: NLM Status: In-Process |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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BACKGROUND: Exhaled breath condensate (EBC) has been used for diagnosing and monitoring respiratory disorders. For clinical purposes the assessment of easy-to-obtain nonspecific markers seems particularly interesting. OBJECTIVES: As these measures are related to each other, our objective was to extract the independent information in global EBC markers across a range of respiratory disorders. METHODS: EBC was collected from patients with asthma (n = 18), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (n = 17), and cystic fibrosis (n = 46), as well as from lung transplant (LTX) recipients (n = 14) and healthy controls (n = 26). Samples were assessed for electrical conductivity, ammonia, pH, and nitrite/nitrate. pH was measured after both deaeration with argon and CO(2) standardization. Additionally, the fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (FE(NO)) was assessed. Factor analysis was applied to identify major factors concerning these measures. RESULTS: Three independent factors were detected; the first comprised conductivity, ammonia, and pH, especially when standardized using CO(2), the second nitrite/nitrate, and the third FE(NO). Conductivity and ammonia were highly correlated (r = 0.968; p < 0.001). FE(NO) provided independent information mainly in asthma. The nonspecific EBC markers showed considerable overlap between patient groups and healthy subjects. However, conductivity, ammonia, pH standardized for CO(2) and nitrite/nitrate were increased in LTX recipients compared to healthy controls (p < 0.05 each). CONCLUSIONS: A panel of nonspecific easy-to-obtain exhaled breath markers could be reduced to 3 independent factors. The information content of conductivity, ammonia, and pH after CO(2) equilibration appeared to be similar, while FE(NO) was independent. The increased levels of these biomarkers in LTX might indicate a potential for their use in these patients. |
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Authors:
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Holger Dressel; Florian Müller; Rainald Fischer; Horst Römmelt; Jens M Hohlfeld; Jürgen Behr; Rudolf M Huber; Dennis Nowak; Rudolf A Jörres |
Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article Date: 2010-08-12 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Respiration; international review of thoracic diseases Volume: 80 ISSN: 1423-0356 ISO Abbreviation: Respiration Publication Date: 2010 |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2010-10-15 Completed Date: - Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 0137356 Medline TA: Respiration Country: Switzerland |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 401-9 Citation Subset: IM |
Copyright Information:
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Copyright © 2010 S. Karger AG, Basel. |
Affiliation:
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Institute and Outpatient Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Ziemssenstrasse 1, Munich, Germany. holger.dressel@med.uni-muenchen.de |
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From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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