| Incorrect Performance of the Breath Hold Method in the Old Underestimates Cerebrovascular Reactivity and Goes Unnoticed Without Concomitant Blood Pressure and End-Tidal CO(2) Registration. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 21231982 Owner: NLM Status: Publisher |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The breath hold maneuver is a convenient and frequently used method to assess cerebrovascular reactivity (CR). This study aimed to assess feasibility and reproducibility of this method in healthy older persons. METHODS: Twenty-five healthy volunteers, aged 75 (SD 4) years, performed 2 consecutive breath holds after careful instruction. Blood pressure (BP-Finapres), cerebral blood flow velocity (CBFV-Transcranial Doppler), and end-tidal CO(2) (capnography) were measured continuously. As reference standard, CR was determined by hyperventilation and CO(2) -inhalation. These measurements were repeated after 3 months in 11 randomly selected subjects. RESULTS: Despite apparent compliance with instructions during performance of breath holding, only 29 of the 50 breath holds (58%) had been accurately executed, which was identified only from BP and end-tidal CO(2) measurements. Incorrect breath holds led to underestimation of CR. For valid breath holds, reproducibility was comparable to the reference method (coefficient of variation 19.4% and 17.6%, respectively). CONCLUSION: The number of inaccurate breath holds was unacceptably high, moreover, these could not be identified from CBFV registrations alone. Therefore, reports of CR based on breath holds in older subjects without coregistration of BP and either end-tidal CO(2) or chest-expansion should no longer be acceptable. |
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Authors:
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Arenda Hea van Beek; Helena M de Wit; Marcel Gm Olde Rikkert; Jurgen Ahr Claassen |
Publication Detail:
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Type: JOURNAL ARTICLE Date: 2011-1-13 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Journal of neuroimaging : official journal of the American Society of Neuroimaging Volume: - ISSN: 1552-6569 ISO Abbreviation: - Publication Date: 2011 Jan |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2011-1-14 Completed Date: - Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 9102705 Medline TA: J Neuroimaging Country: - |
Other Details:
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Languages: ENG Pagination: - Citation Subset: - |
Copyright Information:
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© 2010 by the American Society of Neuroimaging. |
Affiliation:
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From the Department of Geriatric Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. |
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From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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