| Income inequality and pregnancy spacing. | |
| | |
MedLine Citation:
|
PMID: 15210085 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
|
We examined the relationship between county-level income inequality and pregnancy spacing in a welfare-recipient cohort in Washington State. We identified 20,028 welfare-recipient women who had at least one birth between July 1, 1992, and December 31, 1999, and followed this cohort from the date of that first in-study birth until the occurrence of a subsequent pregnancy or the end of the study period. Income inequality was measured as the proportion of total county income earned by the wealthiest 10% of households in that county compared to that earned by the poorest 10%. To measure the relationship between income inequality and the time-dependent risk (hazard) of a subsequent pregnancy, we used Cox proportional hazards methods and adjusted for individual- and county-level covariates. Among women aged 25 and younger at the time of the index birth, the hazard ratio (HR) of subsequent pregnancy associated with income inequality was 1.24 (95% CI: 0.85, 1.80), controlling for individual-level (age, marital status, education at index birth; race, parity) and community-level variables. Among women aged 26 or older at the time of the index birth, the adjusted HR was 2.14 (95% CI: 1.09, 4.18). While income inequality is not the only community-level feature that may affect health, among women aged 26 or older at the index birth it appears to be associated with hazard of a subsequent pregnancy, even after controlling for other factors. These results support previous findings that income inequality may impact health, perhaps by influencing health-related behaviors. |
| | |
Authors:
|
R Gold; Frederick A Connell; Patrick Heagerty; Stephen Bezruchka; Robert Davis; Mary Lawrence Cawthon |
Related Documents
:
|
22173875 - The thymic-thoracic ratio in fetuses with trisomy 21, 18 and 13. 9564645 - Fetal loss after early detection of heart motion in infertility patients. prognostic fa... 18022875 - Maternal hypertension, antihypertensive medication use, and the risk of severe hypospad... 2809655 - Employment status as a confounder when assessing occupational exposures and spontaneous... 3390125 - The peptidergic innervation of the guinea pig uterine artery in pregnancy. 8225315 - Detection of confined placental mosaicism in trisomy 18 conceptions using interphase cy... |
Publication Detail:
|
Type: Journal Article |
Journal Detail:
|
Title: Social science & medicine (1982) Volume: 59 ISSN: 0277-9536 ISO Abbreviation: Soc Sci Med Publication Date: 2004 Sep |
Date Detail:
|
Created Date: 2004-06-22 Completed Date: 2004-10-08 Revised Date: 2004-11-17 |
Medline Journal Info:
|
Nlm Unique ID: 8303205 Medline TA: Soc Sci Med Country: England |
Other Details:
|
Languages: eng Pagination: 1117-26 Citation Subset: IM |
Copyright Information:
|
Copyright 2004 Elseiver Ltd. |
Affiliation:
|
Kaiser Permanente, 3800 N Interstate Avenue, Portland, OR 97227-1110, USA. rgold@myuw.net |
Export Citation:
|
APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
|
Adolescent Adult Birth Intervals* Case-Control Studies Child Female Humans Income Poverty* Pregnancy Proportional Hazards Models Survival Analysis Washington |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
Previous Document: Canine babesiosis in Slovenia: molecular evidence of Babesia canis canis and Babesia canis vogeli.
Next Document: Race and pregnancy-related care in Brazil and South Africa.