Document Detail


In vitro activities of oral antimicrobial agents against penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae: implications for outpatient treatment.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  9191739     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
We tested 83 penicillin-intermediate (Peni) and 50 penicillin-resistant (Penr) isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae against eight oral antimicrobials. Clarithromycin's MICs (minimal inhibitory concentration) were generally the same or one to two dilutions less than those of azithromycin. Seventy-two percent of Peni isolates were susceptible to clarithromycin and azithromycin, in contrast to 42% and 40%, respectively, of Penr isolates. Cefuroxime activity exceeded that of cefprozil, which exceeded that of cefaclor, in Peni isolates. For all three cephalosporins, MICs of 90% of isolates tested were > or = 3 dilutions higher for Penr isolates than for Peni isolates. Percentages of Peni isolates susceptible to clindamycin and tetracycline were 92% and 83%, respectively, and 78% and 82% for Penr. Only 49% of Peni isolates and 4% of Penr isolates were susceptible to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Azithromycin, clarithromycin, cefuroxime, cefprozil, clindamycin, and tetracycline may be useful in treating infections caused by Peni S pneumoniae, but Penr isolates are frequently resistant to both old and newer agents.
Authors:
K Waites; E Swiatlo; B Gray; E Brookings
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Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't    
Journal Detail:
Title:  Southern medical journal     Volume:  90     ISSN:  0038-4348     ISO Abbreviation:  South. Med. J.     Publication Date:  1997 Jun 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  1997-07-10     Completed Date:  1997-07-10     Revised Date:  2006-11-15    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  0404522     Medline TA:  South Med J     Country:  UNITED STATES    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  621-6     Citation Subset:  AIM; IM    
Affiliation:
Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham 35233, USA.
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Administration, Oral
Adult
Ambulatory Care
Anti-Bacterial Agents / administration & dosage,  therapeutic use*
Azithromycin / administration & dosage,  therapeutic use
Cefaclor / administration & dosage,  therapeutic use
Cefuroxime / administration & dosage,  therapeutic use
Cephalosporins / administration & dosage,  therapeutic use
Child
Clarithromycin / administration & dosage,  therapeutic use
Clindamycin / administration & dosage,  therapeutic use
Culture Media
Humans
Penicillin Resistance*
Pneumococcal Infections / drug therapy
Streptococcus pneumoniae / drug effects*
Tetracycline / administration & dosage,  therapeutic use
Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole Combination / administration & dosage,  therapeutic use
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Anti-Bacterial Agents; 0/Cephalosporins; 0/Culture Media; 18323-44-9/Clindamycin; 53994-73-3/Cefaclor; 55268-75-2/Cefuroxime; 60-54-8/Tetracycline; 8064-90-2/Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole Combination; 81103-11-9/Clarithromycin; 83905-01-5/Azithromycin; 92665-29-7/cefprozil

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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