| In utero polychlorinated biphenyl exposures in relation to fetal and early childhood growth. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 16135941 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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BACKGROUND: Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are industrial chemicals that were used widely for approximately 50 years. Now banned, they are still ubiquitous because of their persistence in the environment, the food chain, and human fatty tissue. High in utero exposures cause developmental deficits accompanied by growth retardation. Studies examining intrauterine growth at lower exposures have been inconsistent, with most such investigations having relied on surrogate exposure indicators such as consumption of fish from contaminated bodies of water. METHODS: In the 1960s, serum specimens were collected from pregnant women participating in the Child Health and Development Study in the San Francisco Bay Area. The women were interviewed and their serum samples stored at -20 degrees C. At 5 years of age, detailed anthropometric measurements were made on children born in the years 1964-1967. We measured PCBs in specimens from 399 mothers using gas chromatography/electron capture detection. We conducted multiple linear regression to examine the relationship between these organochlorine concentrations and both intrauterine and 5-year growth, with adjustment for medical, lifestyle, sociodemographic, and specimen characteristics. RESULTS: In male infants, higher total in utero PCB exposure was associated with reduced birth weight, head circumference, and weight-for-gestational age. An increase from the 10th to 90th percentile in total PCBs was related to 290 g lower birth weight, a 0.7-cm decrease in head circumference, and for weight for gestational age, a reduction in z-score of 0.6. In girls, smaller head circumference and shorter gestations were observed. In contrast, prenatal PCBs were associated with greater growth in 5-year-old girls, with no apparent effect in 5-year-old boys. CONCLUSIONS: Maternally mediated exposure to PCBs may be detrimental to fetal growth, particularly in boys. These effects apparently are not persistent. Interpretation of greater childhood growth of girls is unclear. |
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Authors:
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Irva Hertz-Picciotto; M Judith Charles; Rebecca A James; Jean A Keller; Eric Willman; Stuart Teplin |
Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.) Volume: 16 ISSN: 1044-3983 ISO Abbreviation: Epidemiology Publication Date: 2005 Sep |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2005-09-01 Completed Date: 2005-10-04 Revised Date: 2007-11-14 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 9009644 Medline TA: Epidemiology Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 648-56 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. ihp@ucdavis.edu |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Adult Child Development / drug effects* Child, Preschool Confounding Factors (Epidemiology) Environmental Exposure / adverse effects* Female Fetal Development / drug effects* Humans Infant, Newborn Linear Models Male Maternal Exposure Polychlorinated Biphenyls / blood, toxicity* Pregnancy Pregnancy Outcome Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects* Prospective Studies San Francisco / epidemiology |
| Grant Support | |
ID/Acronym/Agency:
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1P01-ES11269/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS; N01-HD-1-3334/HD/NICHD NIH HHS; R01-CA96525/CA/NCI NIH HHS; R01-ES08316/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Polychlorinated Biphenyls |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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