Document Detail


Improvement of alveolar-capillary membrane diffusing capacity with enalapril in chronic heart failure and counteracting effect of aspirin.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  9107182     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
BACKGROUND: KII ACE, the enzyme that converts angiotensin I and inactivates bradykinin, is highly concentrated in the lungs; its blockade reduces exposure to angiotensin II and enhances exposure to prostaglandins generated by local kinin hyperconcentration. Our hypothesis is that ACE inhibitors improve pulmonary function in chronic heart failure (CHF) by readjusting lung vessel tone and permeability or alveolar-capillary membrane diffusion. METHODS AND RESULTS: In 16 CHF patients and 16 normal volunteers or mild untreated hypertensives, pulmonary function and exercise tests with respiratory gas analysis were assessed on placebo, enalapril (10 mg BID), enalapril plus aspirin (325 mg/d), or aspirin, in random order and double blind, for 15 days each. In CHF, enalapril increased pulmonary carbon monoxide diffusion (DLCO), oxygen consumption (VO2), and exercise tolerance and reduced the ratio of dead space to tidal volume (VD/VT) and the ventilatory equivalent for carbon dioxide production (VE/VCO2). On enalapril, VO2 (r = .80, P < .0001) and VD/VT (r = -.69, P = .003) changes from placebo correlated with those in DLCO. These effects were inhibited by aspirin and were absent in control subjects. In 8 additional patients, hydralazine-isosorbide dinitrate, as an alternative treatment for reducing pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) and increasing exercise capacity, were more effective than enalapril for the PCWP but did not affect DLCO and VE/VCO2; amelioration in VO2 and VD/VT was unrelated to DLCO and was not modified by aspirin. CONCLUSIONS: ACE inhibition improved pulmonary diffusion in CHF. Hydralazine-isosorbide dinitrate failed to provide this result. Counteraction by aspirin, a prostaglandin inhibitor, bespeaks prostaglandin participation while on enalapril that might readjust capillary permeability or alveolar-capillary membrane diffusion.
Authors:
M Guazzi; G Marenzi; M Alimento; M Contini; P Agostoni
Publication Detail:
Type:  Clinical Trial; Comparative Study; Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't    
Journal Detail:
Title:  Circulation     Volume:  95     ISSN:  0009-7322     ISO Abbreviation:  Circulation     Publication Date:  1997 Apr 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  1997-05-13     Completed Date:  1997-05-13     Revised Date:  2007-11-15    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  0147763     Medline TA:  Circulation     Country:  UNITED STATES    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  1930-6     Citation Subset:  AIM; IM    
Affiliation:
Istituto di Cardiologia dell'Università degli Studi, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Fondazione "Monzino," I.R.C.C.S., Milan, Italy.
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Aged
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / pharmacology*,  therapeutic use
Aspirin / pharmacology*
Blood-Air Barrier / drug effects*
Bradykinin / physiology
Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors / pharmacology*
Diffusion
Double-Blind Method
Enalapril / antagonists & inhibitors,  pharmacology*,  therapeutic use
Epoprostenol / physiology
Exercise Test
Female
Heart Failure / complications,  drug therapy*,  metabolism,  physiopathology
Humans
Hydralazine / pharmacology
Hypertension / drug therapy,  physiopathology
Isosorbide Dinitrate / pharmacology
Male
Middle Aged
Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / physiology
Pulmonary Alveoli / blood supply,  drug effects*,  enzymology
Pulmonary Circulation / drug effects*
Pulmonary Gas Exchange / drug effects*
Respiratory Function Tests
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; 0/Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; 35121-78-9/Epoprostenol; 50-78-2/Aspirin; 58-82-2/Bradykinin; 75847-73-3/Enalapril; 86-54-4/Hydralazine; 87-33-2/Isosorbide Dinitrate; EC 3.4.15.1/Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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