| Implicit procedural learning in fragile X and Down syndrome. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 21418366 Owner: NLM Status: In-Data-Review |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Background Procedural learning refers to rule-based motor skill learning and storage. It involves the cerebellum, striatum and motor areas of the frontal lobe network. Fragile X syndrome, which has been linked with anatomical abnormalities within the striatum, may result in implicit procedural learning deficit. Methods To address this issue, a serial reaction time (RT) task including six blocks of trials was performed by 14 individuals with fragile X syndrome, 12 individuals with Down syndrome and 12 mental age-matched control subjects. The first (B1) and fifth (B5) blocks were random whereas the others (B2, B3, B4 and B6) consisted of a repeated 10-step sequence. Results were analysed by Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis of variance and Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Results For patients with fragile X syndrome, the RT was highly suggestive of preserved implicit learning as a significant difference was observed between blocks B5 and B6 (P = 0.009). However, the difference of RT between B4 and B5 did not reach significance, possibly due to a subgroup of individuals who did not learn. In contrast, in the Down syndrome group, RT decreased significantly between B4 and B5 (W = 2; P = 0.003) but not between the last ordered block (B6) and the last random block (B5), suggesting a weakness in procedural learning which was sensitive to the interfering random block. Conclusion implicit learning is variable in genetic syndromes and therefore relatively independent of general intellectual capacities. The results are discussed together with previous reports. |
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Authors:
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G Bussy; E Charrin; A Brun; A Curie; V des Portes |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article Date: 2011-03-15 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDR Volume: 55 ISSN: 1365-2788 ISO Abbreviation: J Intellect Disabil Res Publication Date: 2011 May |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2011-03-22 Completed Date: - Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 9206090 Medline TA: J Intellect Disabil Res Country: England |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 521-8 Citation Subset: IM |
Copyright Information:
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© 2011 The Authors. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research © 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd. |
Affiliation:
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CNRS UMR, Institut des Sciences Cognitives, Bron, France Hospices Civils de Lyon, HFME, centre de référence « déficiences intellectuelles de causes rares », Bron, France OVE - Rousseau, Venissieux, France Université de Lyon, Lyon, France Université Lyon 1, faculté de médecine Lyon Sud ouest, Pierre Bénite, France. |
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