Document Detail


Impact of low-level exposure to organophosphates on human reproduction and survival.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  18242652     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
Despite their widespread and longstanding use for the public good, organophosphate (OP) pesticides have led to many adverse effects on human health. Environmental exposure to OPs and adverse reproductive outcomes in men and women working on or living near farms are increasingly reported worldwide. The aim of the current review is to determine whether exposure to OPs, at levels lower than that which results in clinical manifestations of acute OP poisoning, leads to an adverse impact on fertility, growth and development, and to highlight possible effects for further investigation. There is evidence of impaired fertility due to a reduction in semen quality and possibly lower testosterone levels in exposed males. There is also evidence of impairment of fetal growth and development brought about by prenatal exposure to OPs. Paraoxonase gene (PON1) activity in the fetus and during early childhood makes the fetus and child more vulnerable to OP poisoning, suggesting that OP exposure has a greater impact on fetal and infant growth and development than on adults when exposed to the same concentrations of pesticides. This review raises concerns that exposure to OP pesticides at levels currently regarded as safe adversely affect human reproductive function and survival.
Authors:
Roshini J Peiris-John; Rajitha Wickremasinghe
Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Review     Date:  2008-02-01
Journal Detail:
Title:  Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene     Volume:  102     ISSN:  0035-9203     ISO Abbreviation:  Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg.     Publication Date:  2008 Mar 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2008-02-18     Completed Date:  2008-10-27     Revised Date:  -    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  7506129     Medline TA:  Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg     Country:  England    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  239-45     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka. roshipj@hotmail.com
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Environmental Exposure / adverse effects*
Female
Fertility / drug effects*
Humans
Male
Mortality
Phosphoric Acid Esters / toxicity*
Pregnancy
Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects / chemically induced*
Reproduction / drug effects*
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Phosphoric Acid Esters

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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