Document Detail


Impact of informed consent requirements on cardiac arrest research in the United States: exception from consent or from research?
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  15246579     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
INTRODUCTION: Research in patients with life-threatening illness such as cardiac arrest is challenging since they can not consent. The Food and Drug Administration addressed research under emergency conditions by publishing new criteria for exception from informed consent in 1996. We systematically reviewed randomized trials over a 10-year period to assess the impact of these regulations. METHODS: Case-control study of published trials for cardiac arrest (cases) and atrial fibrillation (controls.) Studies were identified by using structured searches of MEDLINE and EMBASE from 1992 to 2002. Included were studies using random allocation in humans with cardiac arrest or atrial fibrillation prior to enrollment. Excluded were duplicate publications. Number of American trials, foreign trials and proportion of trials of American origin were compared by using regression analysis. Changes in cardiac arrest versus atrial fibrillation trials were calculated as risk differences. RESULTS: Of 4982 identified cardiac arrest studies, 57 (1.1%) were randomized trials. The number of American cardiac arrest trials decreased by 15% (95% CI: 8, 22%) annually (P = 0.05). The proportion of cardiac arrest trials of American origin decreased by 16% (95% CI: 10, 22%) annually (P = 0.006). Of 5596 identified atrial fibrillation studies, 197 trials (3.5%) were randomized trials. The risk difference between cardiac arrest versus atrial fibrillation trials being of American origin decreased significantly (annual difference -5.8% (95% CI: -10, -0.1%), P = 0.03). INTERPRETATION: Fewer American cardiac arrest trials were published during the last decade, when federal consent requirements changed. Regulatory requirements for clinical trials may inhibit improvements in care and threaten public health.
Authors:
G Nichol; E Huszti; J Rokosh; A Dumbrell; J McGowan; L Becker
Related Documents :
11994869 - Arch reconstruction without circulatory arrest: current clinical applications and resul...
3178349 - Internal cardiac cooling improves atrial preservation: electrophysiological and biochem...
11162009 - A biomechanical analysis of intrascaphoid compression using the 3.00 mm synthes cannula...
16948769 - Cardiopulmonary bypass without ischemic arrest: a myocardial protection strategy for hi...
12745189 - Experience with ketamine and sodium pentobarbital as anesthetics in a rat model of card...
20640089 - Cardio cerebral resuscitation: is it better than cpr?
20946559 - Subtraction magnetocardiogram for detecting coronary heart disease.
11336849 - Using postoperative cardiac troponin-i (cti) levels to detect myocardial ischaemia in p...
10969309 - Prevention of isoflurane-induced preconditioning by 5-hydroxydecanoate and gadolinium: ...
Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review    
Journal Detail:
Title:  Resuscitation     Volume:  62     ISSN:  0300-9572     ISO Abbreviation:  Resuscitation     Publication Date:  2004 Jul 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2004-07-12     Completed Date:  2004-11-06     Revised Date:  2009-08-25    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  0332173     Medline TA:  Resuscitation     Country:  Ireland    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  3-23     Citation Subset:  E; IM    
Affiliation:
Clinical Epidemiology Program and Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, ON, Canada. nichol@u.washington.edu
Export Citation:
APA/MLA Format     Download EndNote     Download BibTex
MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Atrial Fibrillation
Case-Control Studies
Emergencies
Heart Arrest*
Humans
Informed Consent / legislation & jurisprudence*
Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic / legislation & jurisprudence,  statistics & numerical data*
Regression Analysis
Retrospective Studies
Risk
Time Factors
United States
United States Food and Drug Administration

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


Previous Document:  Downscaling climate change scenarios in an urban land use change model.
Next Document:  Measuring survival rates from sudden cardiac arrest: the elusive definition.