Document Detail


Immunological and metabolic effects of prophylactic insulin therapy in the NOD-scid/scid adoptive transfer model of IDDM.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  8549866     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
Prophylactic insulin therapy prevents IDDM in spontaneous animal models of the disease and has shown promise in preventing the disease in humans. Although large clinical trials have been formed to use this therapy, a comparative analysis of the efficiency of different pharmaceutical forms and doses of insulin in preventing IDDM has not been performed, and the mechanism underlying the observed prevention of disease is unknown. In the NOD-scid/scid adoptive transfer model of IDDM (10(7) new-onset NOD splenocytes injected intravenously into 6- to 8-week NOD/scid-scid recipients; insulitis develops at 6-9 days post-transfer and 100% IDDM by 32 days post-transfer), life-table (log-rank) analyses revealed that IDDM can be delayed (compared with insulin-free diluent, once daily, n = 8) with equivalent efficiency by prophylactic administration (-9-50 days post-transfer) of high (metabolism-altering) doses of short-acting (0.5 U, once daily, regular, n = 13) or long-acting (0.5 U, once daily, ultralente, n = 9) insulin as well as non-metabolism-altering low-dose insulin (0.02 U, once daily, regular, n = 8). Furthermore, IDDM was delayed with somatostatin (0.2 microgram, twice daily, n = 11), an agent that suppresses endogenous insulin production. No significant difference was seen between the preventative effects of these agents. In an assessment of when therapies can be initiated and still maintain clinical efficiency, only prophylactic somatostatin therapy delayed IDDM (n = 10, P = 0.02) when initiated at 14 days post-transfer, whereas the short-acting insulin regimen did not retard the onset of IDDM (n = 8, P = 0.25) compared with diluent-treated controls. The 24-h urinary C-peptide levels were significantly reduced with short-acting (-56%, P = 0.01) and long-acting (-67%, P = 0.02) insulin products and somatostatin (-59%, P = 0.02) compared with diluent-treated controls. These results indicate that both immunological and metabolic (i.e., beta-cell rest) factors may contribute to the beneficial effects of prophylactic insulin therapy.
Authors:
M A Bowman; L Campbell; B L Darrow; T M Ellis; A Suresh; M A Atkinson
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Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.    
Journal Detail:
Title:  Diabetes     Volume:  45     ISSN:  0012-1797     ISO Abbreviation:  Diabetes     Publication Date:  1996 Feb 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  1996-02-21     Completed Date:  1996-02-21     Revised Date:  2007-11-14    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  0372763     Medline TA:  Diabetes     Country:  UNITED STATES    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  205-8     Citation Subset:  AIM; IM    
Affiliation:
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville 32610-0275, USA.
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Animals
C-Peptide / metabolism
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / immunology,  metabolism,  prevention & control*
Immunization, Passive
Insulin / administration & dosage*
Mice
Mice, Inbred NOD
Mice, SCID
Somatostatin / therapeutic use
Time Factors
Grant Support
ID/Acronym/Agency:
R29-DK-45342/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/C-Peptide; 11061-68-0/Insulin; 51110-01-1/Somatostatin

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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