| Identification of individual tetra- and pentacyclic naphthenic acids in oil sands process water by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 21488118 Owner: NLM Status: In-Data-Review |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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The oils sands industry of Canada produces large volumes of process water (OSPW) which is stored in large lagoons. The OSPW contains complex mixtures of somewhat toxic, water-soluble, acid-extractable organic matter sometimes called 'naphthenic acids' (NA). Concerns have been raised over the possible environmental impacts of leakage of OSPW and a need has therefore arisen for better characterisation of the NA. Recently, we reported the first identification of numerous individual tricyclic NA in OSPW by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GCxGC/ToF-MS) of the methyl esters. The acids were diamondoid adamantane acids, resulting, it was proposed, from biotransformation of the corresponding alkyladamantane hydrocarbons, which is a known process. Biotransformation of higher alkylated diamondoid hydrocarbons was, until now, unknown but here we describe the identification of numerous pentacyclic NA as diamantane and alkyldiamantane acids, using the same methods. Further, we suggest tentative structures for some of the tetracyclic acids formed, we propose, by ring-opening of alkyldiamantanes. We suggest that this is further evidence that some of the acid-extractable organic matter in the OSPW originates from extensive biodegradation of the oil, whether in-reservoir or environmental, although other oxidative routes (e.g. processing) may also be possible. The results may be important for helping to better focus reclamation and remediation strategies for NA and for facilitating the identification of the sources of NA in contaminated environmental samples. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. |
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Authors:
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Steven J Rowland; Charles E West; Alan G Scarlett; David Jones; Richard A Frank |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Rapid communications in mass spectrometry : RCM Volume: 25 ISSN: 1097-0231 ISO Abbreviation: Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. Publication Date: 2011 May |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2011-04-13 Completed Date: - Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 8802365 Medline TA: Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom Country: England |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 1198-204 Citation Subset: IM |
Copyright Information:
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Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. |
Affiliation:
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Petroleum and Environmental Geochemistry Group, Biogeochemistry Research Centre, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth, PL4 8AA, UK. srowland@plym.ac.uk. |
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From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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