| Identification of Recent Cannabis Use:Whole-Blood and Plasma Free and Glucuronidated Cannabinoid Pharmacokinetics Following Controlled Smoked Cannabis Administration. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 21836075 Owner: NLM Status: Publisher |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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BACKGROUND: Δ(9)-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is the most frequently observed illicit drug in investigations of accidents and driving under the influence of drugs. THC-glucuronide has been suggested as a marker of recent cannabis use, but there are no blood data following controlled THC administration to test this hypothesis. Furthermore, there are no studies directly examining whole-blood cannabinoid pharmacokinetics, although this matrix is often the only available specimen. METHODS: Participants (9 men, 1 woman) resided on a closed research unit and smoked one 6.8% THC cannabis cigarette ad libitum. We quantified THC, 11-hydroxy-THC (11-OH-THC), 11-nor-9-carboxy-THC (THCCOOH), cannabidiol (CBD), cannabinol (CBN), THC-glucuronide and THCCOOH-glucuronide directly in whole blood and plasma by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry within 24 h of collection to obviate stability issues. RESULTS: Median whole blood (plasma) observed maximum concentrations (C(max)) were 50 (76), 6.4 (10), 41 (67), 1.3 (2.0), 2.4 (3.6), 89 (190), and 0.7 (1.4) μg/L 0.25 h after starting smoking for THC, 11-OH-THC, THCCOOH, CBD, CBN, and THCCOOH-glucuronide, respectively, and 0.5 h for THC-glucuronide. At observed C(max), whole-blood (plasma) detection rates were 60% (80%), 80% (90%), and 50% (80%) for CBD, CBN, and THC-glucuronide, respectively. CBD and CBN were not detectable after 1 h in either matrix (LOQ 1.0 μg/L). CONCLUSIONS: Human whole-blood cannabinoid data following cannabis smoking will assist whole blood and plasma cannabinoid interpretation, while furthering identification of recent cannabis intake. |
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Authors:
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David M Schwope; Erin L Karschner; David A Gorelick; Marilyn A Huestis |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: JOURNAL ARTICLE Date: 2011-8-11 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Clinical chemistry Volume: - ISSN: 1530-8561 ISO Abbreviation: - Publication Date: 2011 Aug |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2011-8-12 Completed Date: - Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 9421549 Medline TA: Clin Chem Country: - |
Other Details:
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Languages: ENG Pagination: - Citation Subset: - |
Affiliation:
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Chemistry and Drug Metabolism, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, NIH, Biomedical Research Center, 251 Bayview Blvd., Suite 200, Baltimore, MD 21224. |
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From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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