| IPNV modulation of pro and anti-inflammatory cytokine expression in Atlantic salmon might help the establishment of infection and persistence. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 22142704 Owner: NLM Status: Publisher |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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IPNV is the agent of a well-characterized acute disease that produces a systemic infection and high mortality in farmed fish species and persistent infection in surviving fish after outbreaks. Because modulation of the host expression of pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines can help establish persistence, in this study, we examined the expression of IL-1β, IL-8, IFNα1 and IL-10 during acute and persistent IPNV infection of Atlantic salmon. Results showed that IPNV infection induces an increase of the IFNα1 and IL-10 mRNA levels in the spleen and head kidney (HK) of fish after acute experimental infection. Levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-8 did not rise in the spleen although an increase of IL-1β, but not of IL-8, was observed in head kidney. In carrier asymptomatic salmon, cytokine gene expression of IFNα1 and IL-10 in head kidney were also significantly higher than expression in non-carrier fish. Interestingly, a decrease of IL-8 expression was also observed. IPNV infection of SHK-1, which is a macrophage-like cell line of salmon, also induced an increase of expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 with no effects on the expression of IL-1β and IL-8. The effects are induced by an unknown mechanism during viral infection because poly I:C and the viral genomic dsRNA showed the opposite effects on cytokine expression in SHK-1 cells. In summary, IPNV always induces up-regulation of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 in Atlantic salmon. As this is accompanied by a lack of induction of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-8, the anti-inflammatory milieu may explain the high frequency, prevalence and persistence of IPNV in salmon. Effects might be part of the viral mechanisms of immune evasion. |
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Authors:
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Sebastián Reyes-Cerpa; Felipe E Reyes-López; Daniela Toro-Ascuy; Jorge Ibañez; Kevin Maisey; Ana María Sandino; Mónica Imarai |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: JOURNAL ARTICLE Date: 2011-11-26 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Fish & shellfish immunology Volume: - ISSN: 1095-9947 ISO Abbreviation: - Publication Date: 2011 Nov |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2011-12-6 Completed Date: - Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 9505220 Medline TA: Fish Shellfish Immunol Country: - |
Other Details:
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Languages: ENG Pagination: - Citation Subset: - |
Copyright Information:
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Copyright © 2011. Published by Elsevier Ltd. |
Affiliation:
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Laboratorio de Inmunología, Centro de Biotecnología Acuícola (CBA), Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Chile. |
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From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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