| Hypoxia and the Edema Syndrome: elucidation of a mechanism of teratogenesis. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 20593454 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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The elucidation of mechanisms and pathogenesis of birth defects is exceedingly complex. Consequently, there are few examples where the etiology of birth defects caused by a specific agent has been well described. One such example is the "Edema Syndrome" first described by Casimer Grabowski in the 1960s as a mechanism of hypoxia-induced malformations in the chick embryo. The Edema Syndrome comprised a series of events in the embryo starting with osmotic imbalances followed by edema, distention, blisters, hematomas, and hemorrhage in or near developing structures. Malformation or deformation of structures resulted from mechanical disruption or loss of blood supply. A similar etiology has since been described by others in a variety of laboratory mammals following treatment with drugs including epinephrine, hydroxyurea, cocaine, phenytoin, and potassium channel-blocking drugs. Free radical excess following transient hypoxia may be a common factor in all of these insults. Vascular disruption is also associated with a number of birth defects in humans, including limb and digit reduction defects and urogenital defects. |
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Authors:
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Neil Chernoff; John M Rogers |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Review |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Birth defects research. Part B, Developmental and reproductive toxicology Volume: 89 ISSN: 1542-9741 ISO Abbreviation: Birth Defects Res. B Dev. Reprod. Toxicol. Publication Date: 2010 Aug |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2010-08-30 Completed Date: 2010-12-14 Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 101155115 Medline TA: Birth Defects Res B Dev Reprod Toxicol Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 300-3 Citation Subset: IM |
Copyright Information:
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Published 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. |
Affiliation:
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Toxicity Assessment Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA. |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Abnormalities, Drug-Induced
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embryology* Animals Anoxia / chemically induced, embryology* Blister / chemically induced, embryology Chick Embryo Cocaine / adverse effects Edema / embryology* Epinephrine / adverse effects Hematoma / chemically induced, embryology Hemorrhage / chemically induced, embryology Hydroxyurea / adverse effects Phenytoin / adverse effects Potassium Channel Blockers / adverse effects Syndrome |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Potassium Channel Blockers; 127-07-1/Hydroxyurea; 50-36-2/Cocaine; 51-43-4/Epinephrine; 57-41-0/Phenytoin |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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