Document Detail


Hypofrontality in neuroleptic-naive patients and in patients with chronic schizophrenia. Assessment with xenon 133 single-photon emission computed tomography and the Tower of London.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  1360199     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
The "hypofrontality hypothesis" has been supported by many neuroimaging studies, but not all, perhaps because of heterogeneity of samples. The present study examined three different samples that permitted assessment of a variety of confounders, such as effects of long-term treatment, chronicity of illness, and presenting phenomenology: (1) 13 neuroleptic-naive schizophrenic patients, (2) 23 nonnaive schizophrenic patients who had been relatively chronically ill but were medication free for at least 3 weeks, and (3) 15 healthy normal volunteers. Regional cerebral blood flow was measured using single-photon emission computed tomography with xenon 133 as the tracer. The control condition consisted of looking at undulating colored shapes on a video monitor, while the experimental task was the Tower of London. We observed the Tower of London to be a relatively specific stimulant of the left mesial frontal cortex (probably including parts of the cingulate gyrus) in healthy normal volunteers. Both the neuroleptic-naive and the nonnaive patients lacked this area of activation, as well as a related one in the right parietal cortex (representing the circuitry specifically activated by the Tower of London). Decreased activation occurred only in the patients with high scores for negative symptoms. These results suggest that hypofrontality is related to negative symptoms and is not a long-term effect of neuroleptic treatment or of chronicity of illness.
Authors:
N C Andreasen; K Rezai; R Alliger; V W Swayze; M Flaum; P Kirchner; G Cohen; D S O'Leary
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Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.    
Journal Detail:
Title:  Archives of general psychiatry     Volume:  49     ISSN:  0003-990X     ISO Abbreviation:  Arch. Gen. Psychiatry     Publication Date:  1992 Dec 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  1992-12-30     Completed Date:  1992-12-30     Revised Date:  2007-11-14    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  0372435     Medline TA:  Arch Gen Psychiatry     Country:  UNITED STATES    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  943-58     Citation Subset:  AIM; IM    
Affiliation:
Mental Health Clinical Research Center, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City 52242.
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Adult
Antipsychotic Agents / therapeutic use
Cerebrovascular Circulation
Chronic Disease
Female
Frontal Lobe / blood supply*,  radionuclide imaging
Gyrus Cinguli / blood supply,  radionuclide imaging
Humans
Male
Neuropsychological Tests
Parietal Lobe / blood supply,  radionuclide imaging
Schizophrenia / diagnosis*,  radionuclide imaging
Schizophrenic Psychology
Severity of Illness Index
Tomography, Emission-Computed
Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon
Xenon Radioisotopes / diagnostic use
Grant Support
ID/Acronym/Agency:
MH31593/MH/NIMH NIH HHS; MH40856/MH/NIMH NIH HHS; MHCRC43271/MH/NIMH NIH HHS
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Antipsychotic Agents; 0/Xenon Radioisotopes

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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