| Hypofrontality in neuroleptic-naive patients and in patients with chronic schizophrenia. Assessment with xenon 133 single-photon emission computed tomography and the Tower of London. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 1360199 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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The "hypofrontality hypothesis" has been supported by many neuroimaging studies, but not all, perhaps because of heterogeneity of samples. The present study examined three different samples that permitted assessment of a variety of confounders, such as effects of long-term treatment, chronicity of illness, and presenting phenomenology: (1) 13 neuroleptic-naive schizophrenic patients, (2) 23 nonnaive schizophrenic patients who had been relatively chronically ill but were medication free for at least 3 weeks, and (3) 15 healthy normal volunteers. Regional cerebral blood flow was measured using single-photon emission computed tomography with xenon 133 as the tracer. The control condition consisted of looking at undulating colored shapes on a video monitor, while the experimental task was the Tower of London. We observed the Tower of London to be a relatively specific stimulant of the left mesial frontal cortex (probably including parts of the cingulate gyrus) in healthy normal volunteers. Both the neuroleptic-naive and the nonnaive patients lacked this area of activation, as well as a related one in the right parietal cortex (representing the circuitry specifically activated by the Tower of London). Decreased activation occurred only in the patients with high scores for negative symptoms. These results suggest that hypofrontality is related to negative symptoms and is not a long-term effect of neuroleptic treatment or of chronicity of illness. |
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Authors:
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N C Andreasen; K Rezai; R Alliger; V W Swayze; M Flaum; P Kirchner; G Cohen; D S O'Leary |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Archives of general psychiatry Volume: 49 ISSN: 0003-990X ISO Abbreviation: Arch. Gen. Psychiatry Publication Date: 1992 Dec |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 1992-12-30 Completed Date: 1992-12-30 Revised Date: 2007-11-14 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 0372435 Medline TA: Arch Gen Psychiatry Country: UNITED STATES |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 943-58 Citation Subset: AIM; IM |
Affiliation:
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Mental Health Clinical Research Center, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City 52242. |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Adult Antipsychotic Agents / therapeutic use Cerebrovascular Circulation Chronic Disease Female Frontal Lobe / blood supply*, radionuclide imaging Gyrus Cinguli / blood supply, radionuclide imaging Humans Male Neuropsychological Tests Parietal Lobe / blood supply, radionuclide imaging Schizophrenia / diagnosis*, radionuclide imaging Schizophrenic Psychology Severity of Illness Index Tomography, Emission-Computed Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon Xenon Radioisotopes / diagnostic use |
| Grant Support | |
ID/Acronym/Agency:
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MH31593/MH/NIMH NIH HHS; MH40856/MH/NIMH NIH HHS; MHCRC43271/MH/NIMH NIH HHS |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Antipsychotic Agents; 0/Xenon Radioisotopes |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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