| Hypersensitivity myocarditis associated with ephedra use. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 10465246 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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BACKGROUND: Ephedrine has previously been described as a causative factor of vasculitis but myocarditis has not yet been associated with either ephedrine or its plant derivative ephedra. CASE REPORT: A 39-year-old African American male with hypertension presented to Rush Presbyterian St. Luke's Medical Center with a 1-month history of progressive dyspnea on exertion, orthopnea, and dependent edema. He was taking Ma Huang (Herbalife) 1-3 tablets twice daily for 3 months along with other vitamin supplements, pravastatin, and furosemide. Physical examination revealed a male in mild respiratory distress. The lung fields had rales at both bases without audible wheezes. Internal jugular venous pulsations were 5 cm above the sternal notch. Medical therapy with intravenous furosemide and oral enalapril was initiated upon admission. Cardiac catheterization with coronary angiography revealed normal coronary arteries, a dilated left ventricle, moderate pulmonary hypertension, and a pulmonary capillary wedge pressure of 34 mm Hg. The patient had right ventricular biopsy performed demonstrating mild myocyte hypertrophy and an infiltrate consisting predominantly of lymphocytes with eosinophils present in significantly increased numbers. Treatment for myocarditis was initiated with azothioprine 200 mg daily and prednisone 60 mg per day with a tapering course over 6 months. Anticoagulation with warfarin and diuretics was initiated and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition was continued. Hydralazine was added later. One month into therapy, an echocardiogram demonstrated improved left ventricular function with only mild global hypokinesis. A repeat right ventricular biopsy 2 months after the first admission showed no evidence of myocarditis. At 6 months, left ventricular ejection fraction was normal (EFN 50%) and the patient asymptomatic. CONCLUSION: Ephedra (Ma Huang) is the suspected cause of hypersensitivity myocarditis in this patient due to the temporal course of disease and its propensity to induce vasculitis. |
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Authors:
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S M Zaacks; L Klein; C D Tan; E R Rodriguez; J B Leikin |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Case Reports; Journal Article |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Journal of toxicology. Clinical toxicology Volume: 37 ISSN: 0731-3810 ISO Abbreviation: J. Toxicol. Clin. Toxicol. Publication Date: 1999 |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 1999-09-14 Completed Date: 1999-09-14 Revised Date: 2005-11-17 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 8213460 Medline TA: J Toxicol Clin Toxicol Country: UNITED STATES |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 485-9 Citation Subset: AIM; IM |
Affiliation:
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Rush Presbyterian St. Luke's Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA. |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Adult Alkaloids / adverse effects* Drug Hypersensitivity / etiology*, physiopathology Ephedra Food Additives / adverse effects* Humans Hypertension / chemically induced*, drug therapy Male Myocarditis / chemically induced*, drug therapy, pathology Plants, Medicinal / adverse effects* Polypharmacy Sympathomimetics / adverse effects* |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Alkaloids; 0/Food Additives; 0/Herbalife; 0/Sympathomimetics |
| Comments/Corrections | |
Comment In:
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J Toxicol Clin Toxicol. 2000;38(3):351
[PMID:
10866340
]
J Toxicol Clin Toxicol. 2000;38(3):353-4 [PMID: 10866341 ] |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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