| Hybrid computational phantoms for medical dose reconstruction. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 20039051 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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As outlined in NCRP Report No. 160 of the US National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements (NCRP), the average value of the effective dose to exposed individuals in the United States has increased by a factor of 1.7 over the time period 1982-2006, with the contribution of medical exposures correspondingly increasing by a factor of 5.7. At present, medical contributors to effective dose include computed tomography (50% of total medical exposure), nuclear medicine (25%), interventional fluoroscopy (15%), and conventional radiography and diagnostic fluoroscopy (10%). An increased awareness of medical exposures has led to a gradual shift in the focus of radiation epidemiological studies from traditional occupational and environmental exposures to those focusing on cohorts of medical patients exposed to both diagnostic and therapeutic sources. The assignment of organ doses to patients in either a retrospective or a prospective study has increasingly relied on the use of computational anatomic phantoms. In this paper, we review the various methods and approaches used to construct patient models to include anthropometric databases, cadaver imaging, prospective volunteer imaging studies, and retrospective image reviews. Phantom format types--stylized, voxel, and hybrid--as well as phantom morphometric categories--reference, patient-dependent, and patient-specific--are next defined and discussed. Specific emphasis is given to hybrid phantoms-those defined through the use of combinations of polygon mesh and non-uniform rational B-spline (NURBS) surfaces. The concept of a patient-dependent phantom is reviewed, in which phantoms of non-50th percentile heights and weights are designed from population-based morphometric databases and provided as a larger library of phantoms for patient matching and lookup of refined values of organ dose coefficients and/or radionuclide S values. We close with two brief examples of the use of hybrid phantoms in medical dose reconstruction--diagnostic nuclear medicine for pediatric subjects and interventional fluoroscopy for adult patients. |
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Authors:
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Wesley Bolch; Choonsik Lee; Michael Wayson; Perry Johnson |
Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Review Date: 2009-12-29 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Radiation and environmental biophysics Volume: 49 ISSN: 1432-2099 ISO Abbreviation: Radiat Environ Biophys Publication Date: 2010 May |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2010-04-16 Completed Date: 2010-07-02 Revised Date: 2010-09-28 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 0415677 Medline TA: Radiat Environ Biophys Country: Germany |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 155-68 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Advanced Laboratory for Radiation Dosimetry Studies, Department of Nuclear and Radiological Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-8300, USA. wbolch@ufl.edu |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Computer Simulation* Humans Phantoms, Imaging* Radiation Dosage Radiometry / instrumentation* |
| Grant Support | |
ID/Acronym/Agency:
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Z01 CP010131-12/CP/NCI NIH HHS; ZIA CP010131-14/CP/NCI NIH HHS |
| Comments/Corrections | |
Comment In:
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Radiat Environ Biophys. 2010 Aug;49(3):499-500; author reply 501-2
[PMID:
20309705
]
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From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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