| Humoral immune response to fibrillar beta-amyloid peptide. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 14529278 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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The beta-amyloid peptide (Abeta) is a normal product of the proteolytic processing of its precursor (beta-APP). Normally, it elicits a very low humoral immune response; however, the aggregation of monomeric Abeta to form fibrillar Abeta amyloid creates a neo-epitope, to which antibodies are generated. Rabbits were injected with fibrillar human Abeta(1-42), and the resultant antibodies were purified and their binding properties characterized. The antibodies bound to an epitope in the first eight residues of Abeta and required a free amino terminus. Additional residues did not affect the affinity of the epitope as long as the peptide was unaggregated; the antibody bound Abeta residues 1-8, 1-11, 1-16, 1-28, 1-40, and 1-42 with similar affinities. In contrast, the antibodies bound approximately 1000-fold more tightly to fibrillar Abeta(1-42). Their enhanced affinity did not result from their bivalent nature: monovalent Fab fragments exhibited a similar affinity for the fibrils. Nor did it result from the particulate nature of the epitope: monomeric Abeta(1-16) immobilized on agarose and soluble Abeta(1-16) exhibited similar affinities for the antifibrillar antibodies. In addition, antibodies raised to four nonfibrillar peptides corresponding to internal Abeta sequences did not exhibit enhanced affinity for fibrillar Abeta(1-42). Antibodies directed to the C-terminus of Abeta bound poorly to fibrillar Abeta(1-42), which is consistent with models where the carboxyl terminus is buried in the interior of the fibril and the amino terminus is on the surface. When used as an immunohistochemical probe, the antifibrillar Abeta(1-42) IgG exhibited enhanced affinity for amyloid deposits in the cerebrovasculature. We hypothesize either that the antibodies recognize a specific conformation of the eight amino-terminal residues of Abeta, which is at least 1000-fold more favored in the fibril than in monomeric peptides, or that affinity maturation of the antibodies produces an additional binding site for the amino-terminal residues of an adjacent Abeta monomer. In vivo this specificity would direct the antibody primarily to fibrillar vascular amyloid deposits even in the presence of a large excess of monomeric Abeta or its precursor. This observation may explain the vascular meningeal inflammation that developed in Alzheimer's disease patients immunized with fibrillar Abeta. Passive immunization with an antibody directed to an epitope hidden in fibrillar Abeta and in the transmembrane region of APP might be a better choice in the search for an intervention to remove Abeta monomers without provoking an inflammatory response. |
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Authors:
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David L Miller; Julia R Currie; Pankaj D Mehta; Anna Potempska; Yu-Wen Hwang; Jerzy Wegiel |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Biochemistry Volume: 42 ISSN: 0006-2960 ISO Abbreviation: Biochemistry Publication Date: 2003 Oct |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2003-10-07 Completed Date: 2004-01-12 Revised Date: 2007-11-14 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 0370623 Medline TA: Biochemistry Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 11682-92 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, 1050 Forest Hill Road, Staten Island, New York 10314, USA. davidlm.interport@rcn.com |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Alzheimer Disease
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metabolism,
pathology Amino Acid Sequence Amyloid / metabolism Amyloid beta-Protein / immunology*, metabolism, ultrastructure Antibodies, Monoclonal / metabolism Antibody Affinity Binding Sites, Antibody* Binding, Competitive / immunology Brain / immunology, metabolism, pathology Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Epitopes / immunology, metabolism Humans Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments Immunoglobulin G / metabolism Immunohistochemistry Molecular Sequence Data Peptide Fragments / immunology*, metabolism, ultrastructure Protein Binding / immunology |
| Grant Support | |
ID/Acronym/Agency:
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AG04221/AG/NIA NIH HHS; AG08051/AG/NIA NIH HHS; HD35897/HD/NICHD NIH HHS; HD38295/HD/NICHD NIH HHS |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Amyloid; 0/Amyloid beta-Protein; 0/Antibodies, Monoclonal; 0/Binding Sites, Antibody; 0/Epitopes; 0/Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments; 0/Immunoglobulin G; 0/Peptide Fragments; 0/amyloid beta-protein (1-40); 0/amyloid beta-protein (1-42) |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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