| Human chorionic gonadotropin attracts regulatory T cells into the fetal-maternal interface during early human pregnancy. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 19380797 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Regulatory T cells (Treg) expand during pregnancy and are present at the fetal-maternal interface at very early stages in pregnancy. The migration mechanisms of Treg to the pregnant uterus are still unclear. Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is secreted by the blastocyst immediately after fertilization and has chemoattractant properties. Therefore, we sought to analyze whether hCG secreted by early trophoblasts attracts Treg to the uterus and hence contributes to maternal tolerance toward the fetus. Decidua and placenta tissue samples from patients having spontaneous abortions or ectopic pregnancies were employed to evaluate Treg and hCG levels. Age-matched samples from normal pregnant women served as controls. We further performed in vitro studies with primary first trimester trophoblast cells and a choriocarcinoma cell line (JEG-3) aiming to evaluate the ability of secreted hCG to attract Treg. Patients having miscarriages or ectopic pregnancy presented significantly decreased hCG mRNA and protein levels associated with decreased Foxp3, neuropilin-1, IL-10, and TGF-beta mRNA levels as compared with normal pregnant women. Using migration assays we demonstrated that Treg were attracted by hCG-producing trophoblasts or choriocarcinoma cells. Treg migration toward cells transfected with hCG expression vectors confirmed the chemoattractant ability of hCG. Our data clearly show that hCG produced by trophoblasts attracts Treg to the fetal-maternal interface. High hCG levels at very early pregnancy stages ensure Treg to migrate to the site of contact between paternal Ags and maternal immune cells and to orchestrate immune tolerance toward the fetus. |
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Authors:
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Anne Schumacher; Nadja Brachwitz; Sindy Sohr; Kurt Engeland; Stefanie Langwisch; Maria Dolaptchieva; Tobias Alexander; Andrei Taran; Sara Fill Malfertheiner; Serban-Dan Costa; Gerolf Zimmermann; Cindy Nitschke; Hans-Dieter Volk; Henry Alexander; Matthias Gunzer; Ana Claudia Zenclussen |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) Volume: 182 ISSN: 1550-6606 ISO Abbreviation: J. Immunol. Publication Date: 2009 May |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2009-04-21 Completed Date: 2009-06-15 Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 2985117R Medline TA: J Immunol Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 5488-97 Citation Subset: AIM; IM |
Affiliation:
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Department of Experimental Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany. |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Abortion, Spontaneous
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immunology,
metabolism Adult Cell Line, Tumor Cell Movement / immunology* Cells, Cultured Chorionic Gonadotropin / deficiency, genetics, physiology* Coculture Techniques Female HCT116 Cells Humans Maternal-Fetal Exchange / immunology* Pregnancy Pregnancy Trimester, First* / immunology Pregnancy Trimester, Second* / immunology Pregnancy, Ectopic / immunology, metabolism T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / cytology, immunology* |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Chorionic Gonadotropin |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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