| Hot topic: Enhancing omega-3 fatty acids in milk fat of dairy cows by using stearidonic acid-enriched soybean oil from genetically modified soybeans. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 20059901 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Very long chain n-3 fatty acids such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; 20:5n-3) are important in human cardiac health and the prevention of chronic diseases, but food sources are limited. Stearidonic acid (SDA; 18:4n-3) is an n-3 fatty acid that humans are able to convert to EPA. In utilizing SDA-enhanced soybean oil (SBO) derived from genetically modified soybeans, our objectives were to examine the potential to increase the n-3 fatty acid content of milk fat and to determine the efficiency of SDA uptake from the digestive tract and transfer to milk fat. Three multiparous, rumen-fistulated Holstein cows were assigned randomly in a 3 x 3 Latin square design to the following treatments: 1) control (no oil infusion); 2) abomasal infusion of SDA-enhanced SBO (SDA-abo); and 3) ruminal infusion of SDA-enhanced SBO (SDA-rum). The SDA-enhanced SBO contained 27.1% SDA, 10.4% alpha-linolenic acid, and 7.2% gamma-linolenic acid. Oil infusions provided 57 g/d of SDA with equal amounts of oil infused into either the rumen or abomasum at 6-h intervals over a 7-d infusion period. Cow numbers were limited and no treatment differences were detected for DMI or milk production (22.9+/-0.5 kg/d and 32.3+/-0.9 kg/d, respectively; least squares means +/- SE), milk protein percentage and yield (3.24+/-0.04% and 1.03+/-0.02 kg/d), or lactose percentage and yield (4.88+/-0.05% and 1.55+/-0.05 kg/d). Treatment also had no effect on milk fat yield (1.36+/-0.03 kg/d), but milk fat percentage was lower for the SDA-rum treatment (4.04+/-0.04% vs. 4.30+/-0.04% for control and 4.41+/-0.05% for SDA-abo). The SDA-abo treatment increased n-3 fatty acids to 3.9% of total milk fatty acids, a value more than 5-fold greater than that for the control. Expressed as a percentage of total milk fatty acids, values (least squares means +/- SE) for the SDA-abo treatment were 1.55+/-0.03% for alpha-linolenic acid (18:3n-3), 1.86+/-0.02 for SDA, 0.23 +/- <0.01 for eicosatetraenoic acid (20:4n-3), and 0.18+/-0.01 for EPA. Transfer efficiency of SDA to milk fat represented 39.3% (range=36.8 to 41.9%) of the abomasally infused SDA and 47.3% (range=45.0 to 49.6%) when the n-3 fatty acids downstream from SDA were included. In contrast, transfer of ruminally infused SDA to milk fat averaged only 1.7% (range=1.3 to 2.1%), indicating extensive rumen biohydrogenation. Overall, results demonstrate the potential to use SDA-enhanced SBO from genetically modified soybeans combined with proper ruminal protection to achieve impressive increases in the milk fat content of SDA and other n-3 fatty acids that are beneficial for human health. |
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Authors:
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G Bernal-Santos; A M O'Donnell; J L Vicini; G F Hartnell; D E Bauman |
Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Journal of dairy science Volume: 93 ISSN: 1525-3198 ISO Abbreviation: J. Dairy Sci. Publication Date: 2010 Jan |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2010-01-11 Completed Date: 2010-04-19 Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 2985126R Medline TA: J Dairy Sci Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 32-7 Citation Subset: IM |
Copyright Information:
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Copyright 2010 American Dairy Science Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. |
Affiliation:
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Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA. |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Animals Cattle Dairying / methods* Fats / chemistry* Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / analysis*, metabolism Female Milk / chemistry* Plants, Genetically Modified / chemistry* Pregnancy Random Allocation Soybean Oil / administration & dosage* |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Fats; 0/Fatty Acids, Omega-3; 111174-40-4/stearidonic acid; 8001-22-7/Soybean Oil |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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