| Hippocampal sclerosis in association with neurocysticercosis. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 17884753 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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OBJECTIVE: To discuss the possible mechanisms underlying a dual pathology combining neurocysticercosis and hippocampal atrophy, illustrated by the observation of four patients with epilepsy. CASE REPORTS: The first patient presented at the age of four years with a first episode of status epilepticus, presumably due to an inflamed, calcified, parenchymal cysticercus granuloma. Thereafter, he had occasional seizures. Routine MRI undertaken several years later revealed unilateral hippocampal atrophy and sclerosis. Two other patients with initial imaging evidence of active neurocysticercosis located close to the hippocampus, and occasional seizures, developed ipsilateral hippocampal sclerosis. The seizure disorder of our fourth patient, with medically intractable epilepsy, was initially attributed to a calcified cysticercus granuloma. Clinical description, video-EEG telemetry and imaging work-up suggested a diagnosis of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy due to hippocampal sclerosis. CONCLUSIONS: Definitive conclusions as to the underlying mechanisms cannot be derived from the present, retrospective series of only four patients. However, the following suggestions can be made: 1) seizures due to neurocysticercosis may constitute the initial precipitating illness for the development of hippocampal sclerosis, 2) the hippocampus may be involved in host brain inflammation and gliosis in response to a nearby, degenerating cysticercus, 3) the seizure focus formed by the degenerating cysticercus, engenders epileptogenic changes in the hippocampus through kindling, and 4) the two conditions may coexist purely by chance. Systematic and prospective, serial MRI evaluations of hippocampal structures in patients with neurocysticercosis should contribute to further clarify the underlying mechanisms. |
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Authors:
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Monika Singla; Parampreet Singh; Sandeep Kaushal; Rajinder Bansal; Gagandeep Singh |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Case Reports; Journal Article Date: 2007-09-20 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Epileptic disorders : international epilepsy journal with videotape Volume: 9 ISSN: 1294-9361 ISO Abbreviation: Epileptic Disord Publication Date: 2007 Sep |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2007-09-25 Completed Date: 2008-01-02 Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 100891853 Medline TA: Epileptic Disord Country: France |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 292-9 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Neurology Unit, Dayanand Medical College, Ludhiana, India. |
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Adult Animals Child, Preschool Cohort Studies Drug Resistance Electroencephalography Female Hippocampus / pathology* Humans India Magnetic Resonance Imaging Male Middle Aged Neurocysticercosis / complications*, pathology*, psychology Sclerosis Seizures / drug therapy, etiology Status Epilepticus / etiology Taenia solium / immunology Telemetry Tomography, X-Ray Computed |
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