Document Detail


High temperature effects on photosynthate partitioning and sugar metabolism during ear expansion in maize (Zea mays L.) genotypes.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  20106675     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
Short hot and dry spells before, or during, silking have an inordinately large effect on maize (Zea mays L.; corn) grain yield. New high yielding genotypes could be developed if the mechanism of yield loss were more fully understood and new assays developed. The aim here was to determine the effects of high temperature (35/27 degrees C) compared to cooler (25/18 degrees C) temperatures (day/night). Stress was applied for a 14 d-period during reproductive stages prior to silking. Effects on whole plant biomass, ear development, photosynthesis and carbohydrate metabolism were measured in both dent and sweet corn genotypes. Results showed that the whole plant biomass was increased by the high temperature. However, the response varied among plant parts; in leaves and culms weights were slightly increased or stable; cob weights decreased; and other ear parts of dent corn also decreased by high temperature. Photosynthetic activity was not affected by the treatments. The (13)C export rate from an ear leaf was decreased by the high temperature treatment. The amount of (13)C partitioning to the ears decreased more than to other plant parts by the high temperature. Within the ear decreases were greatest in the cob than the shank within an ear. Sugar concentrations in both hemicellulose and cellulose fractions of cobs in sweet corn were decreased by high temperature, and the hemicellulose fraction in the shank also decreased. In dent corn there was no reduction of sugar concentration except in the in cellulose fraction, suggesting that synthesis of cell-wall components is impaired by high temperatures. The high temperature treatment promoted the growth of vegetative plant parts but reduced ear expansion, particularly suppression of cob extensibility by impairing hemicellulose and cellulose synthesis through reduction of photosynthate supply. Therefore, plant biomass production was enhanced and grain yield reduced by the high temperature treatment due to effects on sink activity rather than source activity. Heat resistant ear development can be targeted for genetic improvement.
Authors:
Ryuichi Suwa; Hiroaki Hakata; Hiromichi Hara; Hany A El-Shemy; Joseph J Adu-Gyamfi; Nguyen Tran Nguyen; Synsuke Kanai; David A Lightfoot; Pravat K Mohapatra; Kounosuke Fujita
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Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article     Date:  2010-01-14
Journal Detail:
Title:  Plant physiology and biochemistry : PPB / Société française de physiologie végétale     Volume:  48     ISSN:  1873-2690     ISO Abbreviation:  Plant Physiol. Biochem.     Publication Date:    2010 Feb-Mar
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2010-03-09     Completed Date:  2010-09-01     Revised Date:  -    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  9882449     Medline TA:  Plant Physiol Biochem     Country:  France    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  124-30     Citation Subset:  IM    
Copyright Information:
Copyright 2010 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
Affiliation:
Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima 739-8528, Japan.
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Adaptation, Physiological* / genetics
Biomass
Carbohydrate Metabolism*
Carbohydrates / analysis
Carbon Isotopes
Cell Wall
Cellulose / metabolism
Genotype
Hot Temperature*
Photosynthesis / physiology*
Plant Structures / genetics,  growth & development,  metabolism
Stress, Physiological
Zea mays / genetics,  growth & development,  metabolism*
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Carbohydrates; 0/Carbon Isotopes; 9004-34-6/Cellulose

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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