| High-protein, reduced-carbohydrate weight-loss diets promote metabolite profiles likely to be detrimental to colonic health. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 21389180 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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BACKGROUND: Diets that are high in protein but reduced in carbohydrate contents provide a common approach for achieving weight loss in obese humans. However, the effect of such diets on microbiota-derived metabolites that influence colonic health has not been established. OBJECTIVE: We designed this study to assess the effect of diets with reduced carbohydrate and increased protein contents on metabolites considered to influence long-term colonic health, in particular the risk of colorectal disease. DESIGN: We provided 17 obese men with a defined weight-maintenance diet (85 g protein, 116 g fat, and 360 g carbohydrate/d) for 7 d followed by 4 wk each of a high-protein and moderate-carbohydrate (HPMC; 139 g protein, 82 g fat, and 181 g carbohydrate/d) diet and a high-protein and low-carbohydrate (HPLC; 137 g protein, 143 g fat, and 22 g carbohydrate/d) diet in a crossover design. Fecal samples were analyzed to determine concentrations of phenolic metabolites, short-chain fatty acids, and nitrogenous compounds of dietary and microbial origin. RESULTS: Compared with the maintenance diet, the HPMC and HPLC diets resulted in increased proportions of branched-chain fatty acids and concentrations of phenylacetic acid and N-nitroso compounds. The HPLC diet also decreased the proportion of butyrate in fecal short-chain fatty acid concentrations, which was concomitant with a reduction in the Roseburia/Eubacterium rectale group of bacteria, and greatly reduced concentrations of fiber-derived, antioxidant phenolic acids such as ferulate and its derivatives. CONCLUSIONS: After 4 wk, weight-loss diets that were high in protein but reduced in total carbohydrates and fiber resulted in a significant decrease in fecal cancer-protective metabolites and increased concentrations of hazardous metabolites. Long-term adherence to such diets may increase risk of colonic disease. |
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Authors:
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Wendy R Russell; Silvia W Gratz; Sylvia H Duncan; Grietje Holtrop; Jennifer Ince; Lorraine Scobbie; Garry Duncan; Alexandra M Johnstone; Gerald E Lobley; R John Wallace; Garry G Duthie; Harry J Flint |
Publication Detail:
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Type: Clinical Trial; Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Date: 2011-03-09 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: The American journal of clinical nutrition Volume: 93 ISSN: 1938-3207 ISO Abbreviation: Am. J. Clin. Nutr. Publication Date: 2011 May |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2011-04-21 Completed Date: 2011-07-15 Revised Date: 2011-12-15 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 0376027 Medline TA: Am J Clin Nutr Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 1062-72 Citation Subset: AIM; IM |
Affiliation:
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Rowett Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom. |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Adult Aged Antioxidants / analysis Carcinogens / analysis Colonic Diseases / epidemiology Cross-Over Studies Diet, Carbohydrate-Restricted / adverse effects* Diet, Reducing / adverse effects* Dietary Fiber / administration & dosage, metabolism Dietary Proteins / adverse effects*, metabolism Eubacterium / growth & development, isolation & purification Fatty Acids, Volatile / analysis, chemistry Feces / chemistry, microbiology Humans Male Middle Aged Nitroso Compounds / analysis Obesity / complications, diet therapy* Phenols / analysis Phenylacetates / analysis, chemistry Risk Young Adult |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Antioxidants; 0/Carcinogens; 0/Dietary Proteins; 0/Fatty Acids, Volatile; 0/Nitroso Compounds; 0/Phenols; 0/Phenylacetates; 103-82-2/phenylacetic acid |
| Comments/Corrections | |
Comment In:
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Z Gastroenterol. 2011 Nov;49(11):1487-8
[PMID:
22069049
]
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From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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