Document Detail


High-density lipoprotein heterogeneity and function in reverse cholesterol transport.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  20480549     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: HDL is a cardioprotective lipoprotein, at least in part, because of its ability to mediate reverse cholesterol transport (RCT). It is becoming increasingly clear that the antiatherogenic effects of HDL are not only dependent on its concentration in circulating blood but also on its biological 'quality'. This review summarizes our current understanding of how the biological activities of individual subclasses of HDL particles contribute to overall HDL performance in RCT.
RECENT FINDINGS: Recent work indicates that apolipoprotein A-I-containing nascent HDL particles are heterogeneous and that such particles exert different effects on the RCT pathway. RCT from macrophages has been examined in detail in mice and the roles of plasma factors (lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase, cholesterol ester transfer protein, phospholipid transfer protein) and cell factors (ATP-binding cassette transporter A1, ATP-binding cassette transporter G1, scavenger receptor class B type 1) have been evaluated. Manipulation of such factors has consistent effects on RCT and atherosclerosis, but the level of plasma HDL does not reliably predict the degree of RCT. Furthermore, HDL cholesterol or apolipoprotein A-I levels do not necessarily correlate with the magnitude of cholesterol efflux from macrophages; more understanding of the contributions of specific HDL subspecies is required.
SUMMARY: The antiatherogenic quality of HDL is defined by the functionality of HDL subspecies. In the case of RCT, the rate of cholesterol movement through the pathway is critical and the contributions of particular types of HDL particles to this process are becoming better defined.
Authors:
George H Rothblat; Michael C Phillips
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Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Review    
Journal Detail:
Title:  Current opinion in lipidology     Volume:  21     ISSN:  1473-6535     ISO Abbreviation:  Curr. Opin. Lipidol.     Publication Date:  2010 Jun 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2010-05-17     Completed Date:  2010-08-30     Revised Date:  2011-11-21    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  9010000     Medline TA:  Curr Opin Lipidol     Country:  England    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  229-38     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Division, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-4318, USA.
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Animals
Biological Transport
Cholesterol / blood,  metabolism*
Humans
Lipoproteins, HDL / chemistry,  classification,  metabolism*
Grant Support
ID/Acronym/Agency:
HL 22633/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS; P01 HL022633-35/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Lipoproteins, HDL; 57-88-5/Cholesterol

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