| Heterogeneity in the penumbra. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 21731034 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Original experimental studies in nonhuman primate models of focal ischemia showed flow-related changes in evoked potentials that suggested a circumferential zone of low regional cerebral blood flow with normal K(+) homeostasis, around a core of permanent injury in the striatum or the cortex. This became the basis for the definition of the ischemic penumbra. Imaging techniques of the time suggested a homogeneous core of injury, while positing a surrounding 'penumbral' region that could be salvaged. However, both molecular studies and observations of vascular integrity indicate a more complex and dynamic situation in the ischemic core that also changes with time. The microvascular, cellular, and molecular events in the acute setting are compatible with heterogeneity of the injury within the injury center, which at early time points can be described as multiple 'mini-cores' associated with multiple 'mini-penumbras'. These observations suggest the progression of injury from many small foci to a homogeneous defect over time after the onset of ischemia. Recent observations with updated imaging techniques and data processing support these dynamic changes within the core and the penumbra in humans following focal ischemia. |
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Authors:
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Gregory J del Zoppo; Frank R Sharp; Wolf-Dieter Heiss; Gregory W Albers |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review Date: 2011-07-06 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism Volume: 31 ISSN: 1559-7016 ISO Abbreviation: J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. Publication Date: 2011 Sep |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2011-09-02 Completed Date: 2011-10-27 Revised Date: 2011-11-02 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 8112566 Medline TA: J Cereb Blood Flow Metab Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 1836-51 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Department of Medicine (Division of Hematology), University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington 98104, USA. grgdlzop@u.washington.edu |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Animals Brain / blood supply*, metabolism, pathology*, physiopathology Brain Ischemia / metabolism*, pathology*, physiopathology Cerebrovascular Circulation* Humans |
| Grant Support | |
ID/Acronym/Agency:
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NS 036945/NS/NINDS NIH HHS; NS 038710/NS/NINDS NIH HHS; NS 053716/NS/NINDS NIH HHS; NS044848/NS/NINDS NIH HHS; NS054652/NS/NINDS NIH HHS; NS066845/NS/NINDS NIH HHS; NS39325/NS/NINDS NIH HHS |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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