| Gypenosides induced G0/G1 arrest via CHk2 and apoptosis through endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondria-dependent pathways in human tongue cancer SCC-4 cells. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 18674953 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Gypenosides (Gyp), a component of Gynostemma pentaphyllum Makino, was selected for examining the effects on the cell viability, cell cycle and induction of apoptosis in human tongue cancer SCC-4 cells. Gyp induced cytotoxicity (decreased the percentage of viable cells) in SCC-4 cells appeared to be associated with induction of cell cycle arrest (G0/G1 arrest), apoptotic cell death based on Gyp induced morphological changes and DNA fragmentation and increased the sub-G1 group in examined SCC-4 cells. The production of reactive oxygen species and Ca(2+) and the depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential were observed, dose- and time-dependently, after treatment of SCC-4 cells with various concentrations of Gyp. Gyp inhibited the levels of the anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl, but promoted the levels of the pro-apoptotic protein Bax. Western blotting showed the releases of cytochrome c and Endo G and both were also confirmed by confocal laser microscopic systems. The GADD153 moved to nuclei (nuclear translocation). In conclusion, Gyp induced ER stress and production of reactive oxygen species and Ca(2+), change the ratio of Bcl-2 and Bax, followed by the dysfunction of mitochondria, caused cytochrome c release, activation of caspase-3 before leading to apoptosis. These results provide information towards an understanding of the mechanisms by which Gyp induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human tongue cancer cells. |
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Authors:
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Jung-Chou Chen; Kung-Wen Lu; Ming-Li Tsai; Shu-Chun Hsu; Chao-Lin Kuo; Jai-Sing Yang; Te-Chun Hsia; Chun-Shu Yu; Su-Tze Chou; Ming-Ching Kao; Jing-Gung Chung; W Gibson Wood |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Date: 2008-07-31 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Oral oncology Volume: 45 ISSN: 1368-8375 ISO Abbreviation: Oral Oncol. Publication Date: 2009 Mar |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2009-02-23 Completed Date: 2010-02-09 Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 9709118 Medline TA: Oral Oncol Country: England |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 273-83 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Graduate Institute of Chinese Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Apoptosis
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drug effects* Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / pathology* Cell Cycle / drug effects Cell Line, Tumor Cell Survival / drug effects Endoplasmic Reticulum / pathology G0 Phase / drug effects G1 Phase / drug effects Gynostemma Humans Mitochondria / pathology Plant Extracts / pharmacology* Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / antagonists & inhibitors Reactive Oxygen Species / metabolism Tongue Neoplasms / pathology* bcl-2-Associated X Protein / biosynthesis bcl-X Protein / antagonists & inhibitors |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Plant Extracts; 0/Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; 0/Reactive Oxygen Species; 0/bcl-2-Associated X Protein; 0/bcl-X Protein; 0/gypenoside |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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