| Gonadotropin-releasing hormone neuron requirements for puberty, ovulation, and fertility. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 18006629 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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The absolute requirement for reproduction implies that the hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal axis, controlling fertility, is an evolutionary robust mechanism. The GnRH neurons of the hypothalamus represent the key cell type within the body dictating fertility. However, the level of functional redundancy within the GnRH neuron population is unknown. As a result of a fortuitous transgene insertion event, GNR23 mice exhibit a marked allele-dependent reduction in GnRH neuron number within their brain. Wild-type mice have approximately 600 GnRH neurons, compared with approximately 200 (34%) and approximately 70 (12%) in GNR23(+/-) and GNR23(-/-) mice, respectively. Using these mice, we examined the minimal GnRH neuron requirements for fertility. Male GNR23(-/-) mice exhibited normal fertility. In contrast, female GNR23(-/-) mice were markedly subfertile, failing to produce normal litters, have estrous cycles, or ovulate. The failure of ovulation resulted from an inability of the few existing GnRH neurons to generate the LH surge. This was not the case, however, for the first cycle at puberty that appeared normal. Together, these observations demonstrate that 12% of the GnRH neuron population is sufficient for pulsatile gonadotropin secretion and puberty onset, whereas between 12 and 34% are required for cyclical control in adult female mice. This indicates that substantial redundancy exists within the GnRH neuronal population and suggests that the great majority of GnRH neurons must be dysfunctional before fertility is affected. |
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Authors:
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Allan E Herbison; Robert Porteous; Jean-Rémi Pape; Jocelyn M Mora; Peter R Hurst |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Date: 2007-11-15 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Endocrinology Volume: 149 ISSN: 0013-7227 ISO Abbreviation: Endocrinology Publication Date: 2008 Feb |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2008-01-22 Completed Date: 2008-03-27 Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 0375040 Medline TA: Endocrinology Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 597-604 Citation Subset: AIM; IM |
Affiliation:
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Centre for Neuroendocrinology, Department of Physiology, University of Otago School of Medical Sciences, Dunedin, New Zealand. allan.herbison@stonebow.otago.ac.nz |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Animals Cell Count Estrous Cycle / physiology Female Fertility / physiology* Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / genetics, metabolism* Infertility, Female / pathology, physiopathology* Luteinizing Hormone / blood Median Eminence / pathology, physiology Mice Mice, Inbred C57BL Mice, Inbred CBA Mice, Transgenic Neurons / pathology, physiology Ovariectomy Ovulation / physiology* Preoptic Area / pathology, physiology Sexual Maturation / physiology* |
| Grant Support | |
ID/Acronym/Agency:
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//Wellcome Trust |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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33515-09-2/Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; 9002-67-9/Luteinizing Hormone |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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