| Glutamine reduces postprandial glycemia and augments the glucagon-like peptide-1 response in type 2 diabetes patients. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 21593352 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Impaired glucagon-like peptide (GLP-1) secretion or response may contribute to ineffective insulin release in type 2 diabetes. The conditionally essential amino acid glutamine stimulates GLP-1 secretion in vitro and in vivo. In a randomized, crossover study, we evaluated the effect of oral glutamine, with or without sitagliptin (SIT), on postprandial glycemia and GLP-1 concentration in 15 type 2 diabetes patients (glycated hemoglobin 6.5 ± 0.6%). Participants ingested a low-fat meal (5% fat) after receiving either water (control), 30 g l-glutamine (Gln-30), 15 g L-glutamine (Gln-15), 100 mg SIT, or 100 mg SIT and 15 g L-glutamine (SIT+Gln-15). Studies were conducted 1-2 wk apart. Blood was collected at baseline and postprandially for 180 min for measurement of circulating glucose, insulin, C-peptide, glucagon, and total and active GLP-1. Gln-30 and SIT+Gln-15 reduced the early (t = 0-60 min) postprandial glycemic response compared with control. All Gln treatments enhanced the postprandial insulin response from t = 60-180 min but had no effect on the C-peptide response compared with control. The postprandial glucagon concentration was increased by Gln-30 and Gln-15 compared with control, but the insulin:glucagon ratio was not affected by any treatment. In contrast to Gln-30, which tended to increase the total GLP-1 AUC, SIT tended to decrease the total GLP-1 AUC relative to control (both P = 0.03). Gln-30 and SIT increased the active GLP-1 AUC compared with control (P = 0.008 and P = 0.01, respectively). In summary, Gln-30 decreased the early postprandial glucose response, enhanced late postprandial insulinemia, and augmented postprandial active GLP-1 responses compared with control. These findings suggest that glutamine may be a novel agent for stimulating GLP-1 concentration and limiting postprandial glycemia in type 2 diabetes. |
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Authors:
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Dorit Samocha-Bonet; Olivia Wong; Emma-Leigh Synnott; Naomi Piyaratna; Ashley Douglas; Fiona M Gribble; Jens J Holst; Donald J Chisholm; Jerry R Greenfield |
Publication Detail:
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Type: Clinical Trial; Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Date: 2011-05-18 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: The Journal of nutrition Volume: 141 ISSN: 1541-6100 ISO Abbreviation: J. Nutr. Publication Date: 2011 Jul |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2011-06-21 Completed Date: 2011-08-24 Revised Date: 2012-04-20 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 0404243 Medline TA: J Nutr Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 1233-8 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Diabetes and Obesity Research Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney 2010, Australia. |
| Data Bank Information | |
Bank Name/Acc. No.:
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ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT00673894 |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Administration, Oral Aged Blood Glucose / metabolism C-Peptide / blood Cross-Over Studies Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / blood*, drug therapy* Female Gastric Emptying / drug effects Glucagon / blood Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / blood*, secretion Glutamine / administration & dosage, adverse effects, pharmacology* Humans Hyperglycemia / blood, drug therapy Insulin / blood, secretion Male Middle Aged Postprandial Period Pyrazines / administration & dosage Triazoles / administration & dosage |
| Grant Support | |
ID/Acronym/Agency:
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088357//Wellcome Trust |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Blood Glucose; 0/C-Peptide; 0/Insulin; 0/Pyrazines; 0/Triazoles; 0/sitagliptin; 56-85-9/Glutamine; 89750-14-1/Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; 9007-92-5/Glucagon |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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