| Gizzard shad thiaminase activity and its effect on the thiamine status of captive American alligators Alligator mississippiensis. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 20218498 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Adult mortality and low egg hatch rate were observed among American alligators Alligator mississippiensis in Lake Griffin, Florida, between 1998 and 2003. Previous studies show that the alligator mortality is due to neurological impairment associated with thiamine (vitamin Bt) deficiency. This study determined the rate of thiaminase activity in gizzard shad Dorosoma cepedianum, a fish often eaten by alligators, and examined the thiamine status of captive adult alligators fed only gizzard shad. We found that the thiaminase activity of gizzard shad in Lake Griffin is 16,409 +/- 2,121 pmol/g/min (mean +/- 2SEs). This high rate of thiaminase activity was present in most months and across a wide range of shad sizes. Seven alligators were captured in the wild from Lake Griffin and Lake Woodruff, held in captivity, and fed gizzard shad. We monitored blood and muscle thiamine levels throughout the experiment and liver thiamine at the end. Over a period of 6-12 months, all of the alligators maintained weight but blood and muscle thiamine levels decreased to 25-50% of the original (healthy) values. Three animals with the greatest reduction in thiamine died, demonstrating mobility impairment and neural histopathology similar to those seen in wild alligators in Lake Griffin. Two alligators were fed shad for 10 months but then treated with thiamine. These animals showed a reduction in thiamine while eating shad, but treatment restored their thiamine levels to the initial values, which were comparable to those of normal wild Lake Griffin alligators. We demonstrated that thiamine deficiency can be induced by a diet of gizzard shad and cause neurological signs and death in alligators in captivity. We conclude that the thiaminase activity in gizzard shad is high enough to cause thiamine deficiency in wild alligators when shad are a major part of their diet. |
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Authors:
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J Perran Ross; Dale C Honeyfield; Scott B Brown; Lisa R Brown; Amanda Rice Waddle; Michael E Welker; Trenton R Schoeb |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Journal of aquatic animal health Volume: 21 ISSN: 0899-7659 ISO Abbreviation: J. Aquat. Anim. Health Publication Date: 2009 Dec |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2010-03-11 Completed Date: 2010-03-30 Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 9884881 Medline TA: J Aquat Anim Health Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 239-48 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Department of Wildlife Conservation and Ecology, University of Florida, Post Office Box 110430, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA. pross@ufl.edu |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Alligators and Crocodiles* Animals Animals, Wild Cause of Death Female Fishes / blood, metabolism* Food Analysis Hydrolases / blood, metabolism* Male Muscle, Skeletal / enzymology Thiamine / metabolism* Thiamine Deficiency / blood, veterinary* Time Factors Vitamin B Complex / metabolism |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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12001-76-2/Vitamin B Complex; 59-43-8/Thiamine; EC 3.-/Hydrolases; EC 3.5.99.2/thiaminase II |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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