| German Environmental Survey 1998 (GerES III): environmental pollutants in blood of the German population. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 12068749 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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The German Environmental Survey was conducted for the third time in 1998 (GerES III). The probability sample of about 4800 subjects was selected to be representative for the German population with regard to region (East-/West-Germany), community size, age (18 to 69 years) and gender. Blood samples were taken from each study participant and questionnaires were used to get exposure-related information. Cadmium, lead, mercury, hexachlorobenzene (HCB), hexachlorocyclohexane (alpha-HCH, beta-HCH, gamma-HCH), 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene (p, p'-DDE) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB-138, PCB-153, PCB-180) were analysed in whole blood to document the extent, distribution, and determinants of exposure of the general population to these substances. The geometric means of Cd, Pb, and Hg in blood amounted to 0.44, 31, and 0.58 microgram/l, respectively. Smokers showed a Cadmium level of 1.1 micrograms/l and non-smokers a level of 0.28 microgram/l. The geometric mean of lead was higher in the blood of males than of females (36 micrograms/l vs. 26 micrograms/l). The concentration of mercury in blood depends on fish consumption and the number of teeth with amalgam fillings. The mean concentrations of HCB and p, p'-DDE in blood were 0.44 microgram/l and 1.6 micrograms/l, respectively. In East-Germany (the former GDR) the DDE concentration in blood was more than twice as high as in West-Germany. Geometric means for PCB were 0.42, 0.68 and 0.44 microgram/l for PCB-138, PCB-153, and PCB-180, respectively. A marked increase of HCB, DDE and PCB levels with age could be observed. alpha-HCH and gamma-HCH could be detected in 1.7% and 5.2% of the samples only. beta-HCH was quantified in 34% of the samples with a 95th percentile of 0.5 microgram/l. |
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Authors:
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Kerstin Becker; Susanne Kaus; Christian Krause; Peter Lepom; Christine Schulz; Margarete Seiwert; Bernd Seifert |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't |
Journal Detail:
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Title: International journal of hygiene and environmental health Volume: 205 ISSN: 1438-4639 ISO Abbreviation: Int J Hyg Environ Health Publication Date: 2002 May |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2002-06-18 Completed Date: 2002-12-10 Revised Date: 2007-06-21 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 100898843 Medline TA: Int J Hyg Environ Health Country: Germany |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 297-308 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Federal Environmental Agency, P.O. Box 330022, D-14191 Berlin, Germany. Kerstin.Becker@uba.de |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Adolescent Adult Aged Environmental Exposure* Environmental Monitoring Female Germany Health Surveys Humans Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated* Insecticides / blood* Male Metals, Heavy / blood* Middle Aged Reference Values |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated; 0/Insecticides; 0/Metals, Heavy |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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