| Genipin attenuates sepsis by inhibiting Toll-like receptor signaling. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 22252713 Owner: NLM Status: Publisher |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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The pathogenesis of sepsis is characterized by overwhelming inflammatory responses that lead to tissue damage and organ failure. Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling is crucial for induction of hyperinflammatory responses and tissue injury during sepsis. Genipin, a aglycon of geniposide, has antiinflammatory and antimicrobial activities. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that genipin reduces multiple organ dysfunction and mortality during sepsis through inhibition of TLR signaling. Male ICR were subjected to sepsis by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), or endotoxemia by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Various doses of genipin (1, 2.5, and 5 mg/kg) or a vehicle were administered intravenously immediately after CLP or intraperitoneally after LPS treatment. In another set of survival test, mice were treated with 2.5 mg/kg of genipin 0 and 24 h after CLP. Genipin was found to improve survival and to attenuate multiple organ dysfunction. Genipin attenuated production of proinflammatory cytokines and release of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1). Genipin prevented TLR2 and 4, myeloid differentiation factor 88, and Toll/interleukin-1 receptor domain-containing adaptor protein inducing interferon-β overexpression. Phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases and interferon regulatory factor 3, and translocation of nuclear factor (NF)-κB were prevented by genipin. Moreover, genipin attenuated increases in serum TNF-α and HMGB1 in LPS-induced endotoxemia. Pam3CSK4 and LPS-mediated production of nitrites and proinflammatory cytokines was suppressed by genipin in RAW264.7 cells. Genipin attenuated mortality and organ injuries during sepsis through interference with TLR signaling. Therefore, genipin might be useful as a potential therapeutic agent for treatment of sepsis. |
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Authors:
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Tae-Hoon Kim; Seong-Jin Yoon; Sun-Mee Lee |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: JOURNAL ARTICLE Date: 2012-1-11 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) Volume: - ISSN: 1528-3658 ISO Abbreviation: - Publication Date: 2012 Jan |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2012-1-18 Completed Date: - Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 9501023 Medline TA: Mol Med Country: - |
Other Details:
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Languages: ENG Pagination: - Citation Subset: - |
Affiliation:
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School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea. |
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From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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