| Genetic correlation and gene-environment interaction between alcohol problems and educational level in young adulthood. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 21388594 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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OBJECTIVE: A lower level of education often co-occurs with alcohol problems, but factors underlying this co-occurrence are not well understood. Specifically, whether these outcomes share part of their underlying genetic influences has not been widely studied. Educational level also reflects various environmental influences that may moderate the genetic etiology of alcohol problems, but gene-environment interactions between educational attainment and alcohol problems are unknown. METHOD: We studied the two non-mutually exclusive possibilities of common genetic influences and gene-environment interaction between alcohol problems and low education using a population-based sample (n = 4,858) of Finnish young adult twins (M(age) = 24.5 years, range: 22.8-28.6 years). Alcohol problems were assessed with the Rutgers Alcohol Problem Index and self-reported maximum number of drinks consumed in a 24-hour period. Years of education, based on completed and ongoing studies, represented educational level. RESULTS: Educational level was inversely associated with alcohol problems in young adulthood, and this association was most parsimoniously explained by overlapping genetic influences. Independent of this co-occurrence, higher education was associated with increased relative importance of genetic influences on alcohol problems, whereas environmental factors had a greater effect among twins with lower education. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest a complex relationship between educational level and alcohol problems in young adulthood. Lower education is related to higher levels of alcohol problems, and this co-occurrence is influenced by genetic factors affecting both phenotypes. In addition, educational level moderates the importance of genetic and environmental influences on alcohol problems, possibly reflecting differences in social-control mechanisms related to educational level. |
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Authors:
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Antti Latvala; Danielle M Dick; Annamari Tuulio-Henriksson; Jaana Suvisaari; Richard J Viken; Richard J Rose; Jaakko Kaprio |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Twin Study |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs Volume: 72 ISSN: 1938-4114 ISO Abbreviation: J Stud Alcohol Drugs Publication Date: 2011 Mar |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2011-03-10 Completed Date: 2011-10-03 Revised Date: 2012-03-01 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 101295847 Medline TA: J Stud Alcohol Drugs Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 210-20 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland. antti.latvala@thl.fi |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Alcohol Drinking
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genetics* Alcoholism / genetics*, psychology* Educational Status Environment Ethanol European Continental Ancestry Group / genetics Female Humans Male Phenotype Psychiatric Status Rating Scales Questionnaires Social Environment* Time Factors Twins / genetics*, psychology* Young Adult |
| Grant Support | |
ID/Acronym/Agency:
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AA-00145/AA/NIAAA NIH HHS; AA-09203/AA/NIAAA NIH HHS; AA-12502/AA/NIAAA NIH HHS; AA-15416/AA/NIAAA NIH HHS |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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64-17-5/Ethanol |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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