| Genetic analysis of simian immunodeficiency virus expressed in milk and selectively transmitted through breastfeeding. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 16571789 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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To develop effective intervention strategies that prevent breast milk transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), we must understand the specific viral properties and mechanisms responsible for infant infection. We have used lactating rhesus macaques infected with a pathogenic simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) stock to analyze the viral genotypes expressed in plasma and milk throughout the disease course and to identify those variants ultimately transmitted to infants through breastfeeding. In these studies we observed mother-to-infant transmission of SIV/Delta(B670) by eight females during the chronic phase of disease, and we analyzed by heteroduplex tracking assays and sequence analysis the distribution and fluctuations in viral genotypes expressed. Each female expressed multiple V1 envelope genotypes in milk near the time of transmission, while a single genotype was found in each of the infants. Variants transmitted to infants were not expressed throughout the maternal disease course but were only detected near the time of transmission. The emergence of the transmitted genotype in the dam typically occurred in plasma before milk and was coincident with increased milk viral loads. Transmitted genotypes tended to be longer and more glycosylated and had a less negative charge over the V1 region compared to viral genotypes expressed in milk but not transmitted. These observations demonstrate that specific viral genotypes are selectively transmitted to infants through breastfeeding and support the hypothesis that transmission occurs as genotypes adapt for efficient expression in milk. |
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Authors:
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Jenna Rychert; Nedra Lacour; Angela Martin Amedee |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Journal of virology Volume: 80 ISSN: 0022-538X ISO Abbreviation: J. Virol. Publication Date: 2006 Apr |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2006-03-30 Completed Date: 2006-04-24 Revised Date: 2009-11-18 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 0113724 Medline TA: J Virol Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 3721-31 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Department of Microbiology, Immunology, Parasitology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1901 Perdido St., New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA. |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Amino Acid Sequence Animals Breast Feeding* Female Genotype Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical* Macaca mulatta Milk / virology* Molecular Sequence Data Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / transmission* Simian immunodeficiency virus / classification, genetics* Viral Load |
| Grant Support | |
ID/Acronym/Agency:
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R01 DE012916-01/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS |
| Comments/Corrections | |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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