| Gallic acid induces apoptosis in A375.S2 human melanoma cells through caspase-dependent and -independent pathways. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 20596665 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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The natural antioxidant gallic acid (GA) has demonstrated a significant inhibition of cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis in a series of cancer cell lines. However, there is no available information to show whether GA induces apoptosis in human skin cancer cells. In the present study, we report GA-induced apoptosis in A375.S2 human melanoma cells. GA affected morphological changes, decreased the percentage of viable cells and induced apoptosis in A375.S2 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Observation of the molecular mechanism of apoptosis in A375.S2 cells showed that GA up-regulated the proapoptotic proteins such as Bax, and induced caspase cascade activity, but down-regulated antiapoptotic proteins such as Bcl-2. GA induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and intracellular Ca2+ productions and decreased the level of mitochondrial membrane potential (DeltaPsim) in A375.S2 cells in a time-dependent manner. GA triggered cytosolic release of apoptotic molecules, cytochrome c, promoted activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3, and ultimately apoptotic cell death. In addition, GA also promoted cytosolic release of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) and endonuclease G (Endo G). Therefore, GA may also induce apoptosis through a caspase-independent pathway. Our results suggest that GA might be a potential anticancer compound; however, in depth in vivo studies are needed to elucidate the exact mechanism. |
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Authors:
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Chyi Lo; Tung-Yuan Lai; Jen-Hung Yang; Jai-Sing Yang; Yi-Shih Ma; Shu-Wen Weng; Ya-Yin Chen; Jaung-Geng Lin; Jing-Gung Chung |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't |
Journal Detail:
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Title: International journal of oncology Volume: 37 ISSN: 1791-2423 ISO Abbreviation: Int. J. Oncol. Publication Date: 2010 Aug |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2010-07-02 Completed Date: 2010-11-09 Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 9306042 Medline TA: Int J Oncol Country: Greece |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 377-85 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan, ROC. |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Antineoplastic Agents
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pharmacology Apoptosis / drug effects* Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins / metabolism Calcium / metabolism Caspases / metabolism, physiology* Cell Line, Tumor Cell Proliferation / drug effects Cell Survival / drug effects Cytochromes c / metabolism Dose-Response Relationship, Drug Drug Evaluation, Preclinical Gallic Acid / pharmacology* Humans Melanoma / metabolism, pathology* Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial / drug effects Models, Biological Protein Transport / drug effects Reactive Oxygen Species / metabolism Signal Transduction / drug effects, physiology |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Antineoplastic Agents; 0/Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; 0/Reactive Oxygen Species; 149-91-7/Gallic Acid; 7440-70-2/Calcium; 9007-43-6/Cytochromes c; EC 3.4.22.-/Caspases |
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