| Fungi, aflatoxins, and cyclopiazonic acid associated with peanut retailing in Botswana. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 14717358 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Peanuts are important food commodities, but they are susceptible to fungal infestation and mycotoxin contamination. Raw peanuts were purchased from retail outlets in Botswana and examined for fungi and mycotoxin (aflatoxins and cyclopiazonic acid) contamination. Zygomycetes were the most common fungi isolated; they accounted for 41% of all the isolates and were found on 98% of the peanut samples. Among the Zygomycetes, Absidia corymbifera and Rhizopus stolonifer were the most common. Aspergillus spp. accounted for 35% of all the isolates, with Aspergillus niger being the most prevalent (20.4%). Aspergillus flavus/parasiticus were also present and accounted for 8.5% of all the isolates, with A. flavus accounting for the majority of the A. flavus/parasiticus identified. Of the 32 isolates of A. flavus screened for mycotoxin production, 11 did not produce detectable aflatoxins, 8 produced only aflatoxins B1 and B2, and 13 produced all four aflatoxins (B1, B2, G1, and G2) in varying amounts. Only 6 of the A. flavus isolates produced cyclopiazonic acid at concentrations ranging from 1 to 55 microg/kg. The one A. parasiticus isolate screened also produced all the four aflatoxins (1,200 microg/kg) but did not produce cyclopiazonic acid. When the raw peanut samples (n = 120) were analyzed for total aflatoxins, 78% contained aflatoxins at concentrations ranging from 12 to 329 microg/kg. Many of the samples (49%) contained total aflatoxins at concentrations above the 20 microg/kg limit set by the World Health Organization. Only 21% (n = 83) of the samples contained cyclopiazonic acid with concentrations ranging from 1 to 10 microg/kg. The results show that mycotoxins and toxigenic fungi are common contaminants of peanuts sold at retail in Botswana. |
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Authors:
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Fingani A Mphande; Bupe A Siame; Joanne E Taylor |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Journal of food protection Volume: 67 ISSN: 0362-028X ISO Abbreviation: J. Food Prot. Publication Date: 2004 Jan |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2004-01-13 Completed Date: 2004-03-11 Revised Date: 2006-11-15 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 7703944 Medline TA: J Food Prot Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 96-102 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Department of Biological Sciences, University of Botswana, Private Bag UB 00704, Gaborone, Botswana. |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Aflatoxins
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biosynthesis,
isolation & purification* Arachis hypogaea / chemistry*, microbiology* Botswana Consumer Product Safety Food Contamination / analysis Food Microbiology Fungi / isolation & purification*, metabolism Indoles / isolation & purification* |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Aflatoxins; 0/Indoles; 18172-33-3/cyclopiazonic acid |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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