| The Fibrosis of Chronic Pancreatitis : New Insights into the Role of Pancreatic Stellate Cells. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 21728885 Owner: NLM Status: Publisher |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Significance : Prominent fibrosis is a major histological feature of chronic pancreatitis, a progressive necroinflammatory condition of the pancreas, most commonly associated with alcohol abuse. Patients with this disease often develop exocrine and endocrine insufficiency characterised by maldigestion and diabetes. Up until just over a decade ago, there was little understanding of the pathogenesis of pancreatic fibrosis in chronic pancreatitis. Recent Studies : In recent times, significant progress has been made in this area, mostly due to the identification, isolation and characterisation of the cells, namely pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) that are now established as key players in pancreatic fibrogenesis. In health, PSCs maintain normal tissue architecture via regulation of the synthesis and degradation of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. During pancreatic injury, PSCs transform into an activated phenotype that secretes excessive amounts of the ECM proteins that comprise fibrous tissue. Critical Issues : This Review summarises current knowledge and critical aspects of PSC biology which have been increasingly well characterised over the past few years, particularly with respect to the response of PSCs to factors that stimulate or inhibit their activation and the intracellular signalling pathways governing these processes. Based on this knowledge, several therapeutic strategies have been examined in experimental models of pancreatic fibrosis, demonstrating that pancreatic fibrosis is a potentially reversible condition, at least in early stages. Future Directions : These will involve translation of the laboratory findings into effective clinical approaches to prevent/inhibit PSC activation so as to prevent, retard or reverse the fibrotic process in pancreatitis. |
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Authors:
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Minoti Apte; Romano C Pirola; Jeremy S Wilson |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: JOURNAL ARTICLE Date: 2011-7-5 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Antioxidants & redox signaling Volume: - ISSN: 1557-7716 ISO Abbreviation: - Publication Date: 2011 Jul |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2011-7-6 Completed Date: - Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 100888899 Medline TA: Antioxid Redox Signal Country: - |
Other Details:
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Languages: ENG Pagination: - Citation Subset: - |
Affiliation:
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University of New South Wales, Pancreatic Research Group, SWS Clinical School, Level 4, Health Services Bldg, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, New South Wales, Australia, 2170; m.apte@unsw.edu.au. |
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From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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