| Failed female sterilization: a review of pathogenesis and subsequent contraceptive options. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 19947030 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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OBJECTIVE: To review the published literature, outline the pathogenesis of failed sterilization and discuss the currently available contraceptive options once sterilization fails. STUDY DESIGN: Publications from January 1966 to October 2008 and indexed in the MEDLINE/PubMed database were reviewed. Medical search heading words sterilization, sterilization failure, sterilization methods and contraception were used to identify relevant articles. In addition, references were obtained through cross-referencing the bibliography cited in each work. RESULTS: Available evidence suggests that sterilization fails in 0.13-1.3% of sterilization procedures and of these, 15-33% will be ectopic pregnancies. Tubal recanalization and cornual and tuboperitoneal fistula formation are the main causes; their occurrence can be reduced by proper training and use of appropriate sterilization techniques. Following sterilization failure, hysterosalpingography can provide valuable information about the patency of the fallopian tubes. CONCLUSION: Tubal sterilization is highly effective but can fail. There is a paucity of information in the literature as to what is best or most appropriate for patients when sterilization fails. Patients should be counseled at the outset about the contraceptive options that are available should sterilization fail. |
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Authors:
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Awoniyi O Awonuga; Anthony N Imudia; Valerie I Shavell; Jay Berman; Michael P Diamond; Elizabeth E Puscheck |
Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Review |
Journal Detail:
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Title: The Journal of reproductive medicine Volume: 54 ISSN: 0024-7758 ISO Abbreviation: J Reprod Med Publication Date: 2009 Sep |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2009-12-01 Completed Date: 2010-01-06 Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 0173343 Medline TA: J Reprod Med Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 541-7 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 3750 Woodward Avenue, Suite 200-D, Detroit, MI 48201, USA. aawonuga@med.wayne.edu |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Adult Contraception / methods Fallopian Tubes / physiopathology, surgery Female Humans Pregnancy Pregnancy, Ectopic / etiology* Pregnancy, Unplanned Sterilization, Reproductive / adverse effects* |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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