| Factors influencing regional patency and configuration of the human infant upper airway. | |
| | |
MedLine Citation:
|
PMID: 3980366 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
|
To study factors influencing patency and configuration of the upper airway, we studied 11 infant cadavers using endoscopy and photography. In most cases, studies were performed shortly after death. The naso-, oro-, and hypopharynx and the larynx were studied. The upper airway was sealed at the nose and mouth so that transmural airway pressure could be raised or lowered. As pressure was lowered airway closure was seen in each of the four regions studied. With respect to closing pressure, the oropharynx was the most compliant region and the larynx the least compliant. In the naso-, oro-, and hypopharynx, lowering the transmural pressure was associated with inward movement of the anterior, posterior, and lateral airway walls. In the larynx, closure occurred by vocal cord opposition in the midline. Tension applied to the genioglossus and geniohyoid tongue muscles had an effect opposite to that of airway suction, causing a more or less symmetrical dilation of the naso- and oropharynx. When the airway was closed, additional tension was needed to produce airway reopening, suggesting that adhesion forces act to maintain airway closure. Neck flexion caused pharyngeal closure, and neck extension caused pharyngeal dilation. Secretions adherent to the walls of the airway visibly narrowed its lumen. The relevance of these findings for the obstructive sleep apnea and laryngomalacia syndromes is discussed. |
| | |
Authors:
|
W R Reed; J L Roberts; B T Thach |
Related Documents
:
|
16126716 - Atrial overdrive pacing compared to cpap in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea synd... 9674466 - Sputum rheology changes in cystic fibrosis lung disease following two different types o... 19615296 - A multicentre randomised controlled trial of the use of continuous positive airway pres... 9516196 - Effects of hcl-pepsin laryngeal instillations on upper airway patency-maintaining mecha... 20071266 - In-shoe plantar pressure measurement and analysis system based on fabric pressure sensi... 10696286 - Normal equine gastroduodenal secretion and motility. |
Publication Detail:
|
Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. |
Journal Detail:
|
Title: Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) Volume: 58 ISSN: 8750-7587 ISO Abbreviation: J. Appl. Physiol. Publication Date: 1985 Feb |
Date Detail:
|
Created Date: 1985-05-08 Completed Date: 1985-05-08 Revised Date: 2007-11-14 |
Medline Journal Info:
|
Nlm Unique ID: 8502536 Medline TA: J Appl Physiol Country: UNITED STATES |
Other Details:
|
Languages: eng Pagination: 635-44 Citation Subset: IM |
Export Citation:
|
APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
|
Airway Resistance* Endoscopy Humans Hypopharynx / physiology Infant, Newborn* Larynx / physiology* Mucous Membrane / physiology Nasopharynx / physiology Oropharynx / physiology Pharyngeal Muscles / physiology Pharynx / physiology* Photography Posture Pressure Stress, Mechanical |
| Grant Support | |
ID/Acronym/Agency:
|
HD-10994/HD/NICHD NIH HHS |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
Previous Document: Histamine dose-response curves in guinea pigs.
Next Document: Radiographic visualization of airway wall movement during oscillatory flow in dogs.