| Extracellular superoxide dismutase in insects: characterization, function and interspecific variation in parasitoid wasps' venom. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 21937434 Owner: NLM Status: Publisher |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Endoparasitoid wasps inject venom proteins with their eggs to protect them from the host immune response and ensure successful parasitism. Here, we report identification of intracellular (SOD1) and extracellular (SOD3) Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase transcripts in the venom apparatus of two Leptopilina species, parasitoids of Drosophila. Leptopilina SODs show sequence and structure similarity to human SODs, but phylogenetic analyses indicate that the extracellular SODs are more related to cytoplasmic vertebrate SODs than to extracellular ones, a feature shared by predicted insect extracellular SODs. We demonstrate that L. boulardi SOD3 (LbSOD3) is indeed secreted and active as monomeric glycosylated forms in venom. Our results also evidence quantitative variation in SOD3 venom contents between closely related parasitoid species since sod3 is 100-fold less expressed in L. heterotoma venom apparatus and no protein and SOD activity are detected in its venom. Leptopilina recombinant SOD3s as well as a mammalian SOD in vitro inhibit the Drosophila phenoloxidase activity in a dose-dependent manner, demonstrating that SODs may interfere with the Drosophila melanization process and therefore with production of cytotoxic compounds. Although the recombinant LbSOD3 quantity needed to observe this effect precludes a systemic effect of the wasp venom SOD3, it is still consistent with a local action at oviposition. This work provides the first demonstration that insect extracellular SODs are indeed secreted and active in an insect fluid and can be used as virulence factors to counteract the host immune response, a strategy largely used by bacterial and fungal pathogens but also protozoan parasites during infection. |
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Authors:
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Dominique Colinet; Dominique Cazes; Maya Belghazi; Jean-Luc Gatti; Marylène Poirié |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: JOURNAL ARTICLE Date: 2011-9-21 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: The Journal of biological chemistry Volume: - ISSN: 1083-351X ISO Abbreviation: - Publication Date: 2011 Sep |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2011-9-22 Completed Date: - Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 2985121R Medline TA: J Biol Chem Country: - |
Other Details:
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Languages: ENG Pagination: - Citation Subset: - |
Affiliation:
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University of Nice Sophia Antipolis, France; |
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From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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