Document Detail


Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke during pregnancy in rats yields less effect on indices of brain cell number and size than does postnatal exposure.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  19059474     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
While there is evidence that human perinatal exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) can result in an increased risk of respiratory disorders and sudden infant death syndrome, evidence linking ETS exposure to neurodevelopmental handicaps is suggestive but less compelling. We previously noted that postnatal ETS exposure, rather than prenatal exposure, resulted in reduced concentration of hindbrain DNA and increased protein/DNA ratio when rat brain tissue was studied at 9 weeks postnatal age. We have now evaluated the effects of ETS exposure during pregnancy on brain development by assaying brain tissue at term. ETS exposure had no detectable effects on regional brain concentrations of DNA, protein and cholesterol or on protein/DNA and cholesterol/DNA ratios. While ETS exposure during pregnancy also had no detectable effects on the weights of the individual fetuses or on the weights of various organs, certain regions of the fetal skeleton demonstrated accelerated ossification. The findings of this study are contrasted to the developmental effects of both nicotine and ETS in Rhesus macaques. Additional studies designed specifically to assess the risk of prenatal ETS exposure on brain development in non-human primates and other precocial species are warranted.
Authors:
Sidney M Gospe; John A Joyce; Joseph R Siebert; Rhona M Jack; Kent E Pinkerton
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Publication Detail:
Type:  Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't     Date:  2008-11-19
Journal Detail:
Title:  Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.)     Volume:  27     ISSN:  0890-6238     ISO Abbreviation:  Reprod. Toxicol.     Publication Date:  2009 Jan 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2009-02-02     Completed Date:  2009-04-01     Revised Date:  -    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  8803591     Medline TA:  Reprod Toxicol     Country:  United States    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  22-7     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
Department of Neurology, University of Washington and Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, United States. sgospe@u.washington.edu
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Amniotic Fluid / chemistry
Animals
Bone and Bones / drug effects,  embryology
Brain / abnormalities,  drug effects*
Brain Chemistry / drug effects
Cell Count
Cell Size / drug effects*
Cotinine / analysis
Female
Fetal Development / drug effects*
Fetal Weight / drug effects
Male
Maternal Exposure / adverse effects*
Nicotine / adverse effects,  analysis
Organ Size / drug effects
Postpartum Period*
Pregnancy
Rats
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Smoking / adverse effects*,  metabolism
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
486-56-6/Cotinine; 54-11-5/Nicotine

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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