| Experimental testing of skin reactions to insulin detemir in diabetes patients naïve to insulin detemir. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 21729174 Owner: NLM Status: Publisher |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Background/aims: Sporadic reports on immediate and delayed cutaneous reactions to insulin detemir, a modern insulin analogue, have raised unsupported claims of allergy of type I, III and IV. The purpose of this experimental study using a provocative design was to elucidate the potential mechanisms behind such skin reactions. Material and methods: A total of 40 patients with type 1 diabetes or insulin-requiring type 2 diabetes, all naïve to insulin detemir, were injected on the thigh with 0.l mL of insulin detemir (Levemir(®) ) administered with an 8 mm needle at three different depths, i.e. intradermal, subdermal and subcutaneously. Saline was injected as control. Any cutaneous reactions were assessed after 10 and 30 min, after 24 and 48 h and after 7 days. Histopathology of positive reactions on day 7 was obtained. The study was randomized, controlled, double-blinded, and conducted in accordance with ICH-GCP guidelines. Blood flow was recorded with the Periflux PF5010, and skin colour (a(*) ) with the DSMII colorimeter. Results: Clinical reading, flowmetry and colorimetry consistently showed delayed reactions after intradermal insulin injection (35 of 40 patients reacted with mainly weak reactions, P<0.05), peaking after 48 h, contrasting no special reaction immediately after injection, except for reactions attributed to needle trauma. A total of 22 patients reacted on subdermal injection and 21 on subcutaneous injection. Histopathology on day 7 from 22 reactions in 15 patients showed a consistent pattern of inflammation with eosinophilia as typically observed in adverse skin reactions to a variety of medicines. Reactions were interpreted as non-specific biologic responses to the insulin different from direct toxic actions and classical allergic reaction patterns. Only one person registered itch/discomfort. A prick test vs. histamine reference excluded insulin detemir to be a pharmacological histamine releaser. Thus, provocative testing with insulin detemir produced delayed skin reaction but no immediate reaction. Measurement of circulating insulin detemir-specific antibodies by RIA before and after 3 months showed no increase. Conclusion: Non-allergic delayed skin reactions from intradermal and, to a minor degree, subdermal and subcutaneous injections of insulin detemir were frequent in this experimental study and showed a consistent histology pattern of inflammation with eosinophilia. Immediate reactions were not produced. The reactions are unlikely to be specific for insulin detemir, and other insulins should be studied in a similar provocative design. |
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Authors:
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Kenichiro O'goshi; Jørgen Serup; Bente Blaaholm; Henrik Klem Thomsen; Peter Rossing; Lise Tarnow |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: JOURNAL ARTICLE Date: 2011-7-6 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Skin research and technology : official journal of International Society for Bioengineering and the Skin (ISBS) [and] International Society for Digital Imaging of Skin (ISDIS) [and] International Society for Skin Imaging (ISSI) Volume: - ISSN: 1600-0846 ISO Abbreviation: - Publication Date: 2011 Jul |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2011-7-6 Completed Date: - Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 9504453 Medline TA: Skin Res Technol Country: - |
Other Details:
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Languages: ENG Pagination: - Citation Subset: - |
Copyright Information:
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© 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S. |
Affiliation:
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Department of Dermatology, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark Steno Diabetes Center, Clinical Research, Gentofte, Denmark Pathology Service, Virum, Denmark. |
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From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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