| Exercise and skeletal muscle glucose transporter 4 expression: molecular mechanisms. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 16620308 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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1. Skeletal muscle is a highly plastic tissue that has a remarkable ability to adapt to external demands, such as exercise. Many of these adaptations can be explained by changes in skeletal muscle gene expression. A single bout of exercise is sufficient to induce the expression of some metabolic genes. We have focused our attention on the regulation of glucose transporter isoform 4 (GLUT-4) expression in human skeletal muscle. 2. Glucose transporter isoform 4 gene expression is increased immediately following a single bout of exercise, and the GLUT-4 enhancer factor (GEF) and myocyte enhancer factor 2 (MEF2) transcription factors are required for this response. Glucose transporter isoform enhancer factor and MEF2 DNA binding activities are increased following exercise, and the molecular mechanisms regulating MEF2 in exercising human skeletal muscle have also been examined. 3. These studies find possible roles for histone deacetylase 5 (HDAC5), adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1alpha (PGC-1alpha) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in regulating MEF2 through a series of complex interactions potentially involving MEF2 repression, coactivation and phosphorylation. 4. Given that MEF2 is a transcription factor required for many exercise responsive genes, it is possible that these mechanisms are responsible for regulating the expression of a variety of metabolic genes during exercise. These mechanisms could also provide targets for the treatment and management of metabolic disease states, such as obesity and type 2 diabetes, which are characterized by mitochondrial dysfunction and insulin resistance in skeletal muscle. |
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Authors:
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Sean L McGee; Mark Hargreaves |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Review |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology Volume: 33 ISSN: 0305-1870 ISO Abbreviation: Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol. Publication Date: 2006 Apr |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2006-04-19 Completed Date: 2006-05-17 Revised Date: 2009-11-19 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 0425076 Medline TA: Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol Country: Australia |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 395-9 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Department of Physiology, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Exercise
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physiology* Gene Expression Regulation / physiology Glucose Transporter Type 4 / biosynthesis* Histone Deacetylases / metabolism Humans MADS Domain Proteins / metabolism Muscle, Skeletal / metabolism, physiology* Myogenic Regulatory Factors / metabolism Phosphorylation |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Glucose Transporter Type 4; 0/MADS Domain Proteins; 0/MEF2C protein, human; 0/Myogenic Regulatory Factors; EC 3.5.1.98/HDAC5 protein, human; EC 3.5.1.98/Histone Deacetylases |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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