| Exchanging carbohydrate or protein for fat improves lipid-related cardiovascular risk profile in overweight men and women when consumed ad libitum. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 20305576 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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BACKGROUND: The impact of low-fat diets on the plasma lipoprotein profile is incompletely understood. METHODS: We conducted two 16-week dietary studies to compare the effects of a moderate-fat (mod-FAT) baseline diet with isocaloric and ad libitum low-fat diets rich in either carbohydrates (high-CHO, n = 16) or protein (high-PRO, n = 19) on plasma lipids, post-heparin lipase activities, cholesteryl ester transfer protein, and phospholipid transfer protein. RESULTS: Switching from the mod-FAT to the isocaloric high-CHO diet lowered plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations (P < 0.001) and tended to increase triglyceride levels (P = 0.087). Cholesterol content in the larger, buoyant low-density lipoprotein (LDL) fractions decreased, whereas those of the very-low-density lipoprotein, intermediate-density lipoprotein, and smaller, denser LDL fractions tended to increase. These changes were largely reversed when subjects lost weight by consuming this high-CHO diet ad libitum. Switching from the mod-FAT diet to the isocaloric high-PRO diet did not increase cholesterol content in the small-dense LDL fraction and led to decreases in both LDL and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma (P < 0.001 for both).Consumption of the high-protein ad libitum diet accompanied by weight loss did not change plasma lipids further, except for a shift of cholesterol from dense low-density lipoprotein fractions to more buoyant low-density lipoprotein fractions. Cholesteryl ester transfer protein concentrations decreased with high-cholesterol feeding, whereas cholesteryl ester transfer protein concentrations and hepatic lipase and phospholipid transfer protein activities all decreased during high-protein feeding. CONCLUSIONS: Both high-CHO and high-PRO diets improve plasma lipid-related risk of cardiovascular disease when consumed ad libitum. |
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Authors:
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Mario Kratz; David S Weigle; Patricia A Breen; Kaatje E Meeuws; Verna R Burden; Holly S Callahan; Colleen C Matthys; Jonathan Q Purnell |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Clinical Trial; Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Journal of investigative medicine : the official publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research Volume: 58 ISSN: 1708-8267 ISO Abbreviation: J. Investig. Med. Publication Date: 2010 Jun |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2010-04-30 Completed Date: 2010-08-12 Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 9501229 Medline TA: J Investig Med Country: Canada |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 711-9 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA. mkratz@fhcrc.org <mkratz@fhcrc.org> |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Adult Cardiovascular Diseases / etiology, prevention & control* Cholesterol / blood Diet, Fat-Restricted* Dietary Carbohydrates / administration & dosage* Dietary Proteins / administration & dosage* Female Humans Lipoproteins / blood Male Middle Aged Overweight / blood, complications, diet therapy* Risk Factors Treatment Outcome Young Adult |
| Grant Support | |
ID/Acronym/Agency:
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DK-02689/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS; DK-02860/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS; DK-17047/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS; DK-55460/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS; DK35816/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS; M01-RR-00037/RR/NCRR NIH HHS; UL1-RR024140/RR/NCRR NIH HHS |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Dietary Carbohydrates; 0/Dietary Proteins; 0/Lipoproteins; 57-88-5/Cholesterol |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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