Document Detail


Evolution of D-lactate dehydrogenase activity from glycerol dehydrogenase and its utility for D-lactate production from lignocellulose.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  22065761     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
Lactic acid, an attractive, renewable chemical for production of biobased plastics (polylactic acid, PLA), is currently commercially produced from food-based sources of sugar. Pure optical isomers of lactate needed for PLA are typically produced by microbial fermentation of sugars at temperatures below 40 °C. Bacillus coagulans produces L(+)-lactate as a primary fermentation product and grows optimally at 50 °C and pH 5, conditions that are optimal for activity of commercial fungal cellulases. This strain was engineered to produce D(-)-lactate by deleting the native ldh (L-lactate dehydrogenase) and alsS (acetolactate synthase) genes to impede anaerobic growth, followed by growth-based selection to isolate suppressor mutants that restored growth. One of these, strain QZ19, produced about 90 g L(-1) of optically pure D(-)-lactic acid from glucose in < 48 h. The new source of D-lactate dehydrogenase (D-LDH) activity was identified as a mutated form of glycerol dehydrogenase (GlyDH; D121N and F245S) that was produced at high levels as a result of a third mutation (insertion sequence). Although the native GlyDH had no detectable activity with pyruvate, the mutated GlyDH had a D-LDH specific activity of 0.8 μmoles min(-1) (mg protein)(-1). By using QZ19 for simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of cellulose to D-lactate (50 °C and pH 5.0), the cellulase usage could be reduced to 1/3 that required for equivalent fermentations by mesophilic lactic acid bacteria. Together, the native B. coagulans and the QZ19 derivative can be used to produce either L(+) or D(-) optical isomers of lactic acid (respectively) at high titers and yields from nonfood carbohydrates.
Authors:
Qingzhao Wang; Lonnie O Ingram; K T Shanmugam
Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.     Date:  2011-11-07
Journal Detail:
Title:  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America     Volume:  108     ISSN:  1091-6490     ISO Abbreviation:  Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.     Publication Date:  2011 Nov 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2011-11-23     Completed Date:  2012-01-27     Revised Date:  2012-05-22    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  7505876     Medline TA:  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A     Country:  United States    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  18920-5     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
Data Bank Information
Bank Name/Acc. No.:
GENBANK/HQ699676;  HQ699677;  HQ699678
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Amino Acid Sequence
Bacillus / genetics*,  metabolism
Base Sequence
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
Evolution, Molecular*
Genetic Engineering / methods
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
Lactate Dehydrogenases / genetics*,  metabolism
Lactic Acid / biosynthesis*
Lignin / chemistry*
Models, Molecular*
Molecular Sequence Data
Mutagenesis
Mutation / genetics
Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
Sequence Analysis, DNA
Sugar Alcohol Dehydrogenases / biosynthesis,  genetics*
Temperature
Transformation, Bacterial / genetics
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
11132-73-3/lignocellulose; 50-21-5/Lactic Acid; 9005-53-2/Lignin; EC 1.1.-/Lactate Dehydrogenases; EC 1.1.-/Sugar Alcohol Dehydrogenases; EC 1.1.1.28/D-lactate dehydrogenase; EC 1.1.1.6/glycerol dehydrogenase

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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