| Evidence for Behavioral Attractiveness of Methoxylated Aromatics in a Dynastid Scarab Beetle-Pollinated Araceae. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 23143663 Owner: NLM Status: Publisher |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Many plants attract their pollinators with floral scents, and these olfactory signals are especially important at night, when visual signals become inefficient. Dynastid scarab beetles are a speciose group of night-active pollinators, and several plants pollinated by these insects have methoxylated aromatic compounds in their scents. However, there is a large gap in our knowledge regarding the compounds responsible for beetle attraction. We used chemical analytical analyses to determine temporal patterns of scent emission and the composition of scent released from inflorescences of Philodendron selloum. The attractiveness of the main components in the scent to the dynastid scarab beetle Erioscelis emarginata, the exclusive pollinator of this plant, was assessed in field biotests. The amount of scent increased rapidly in the evening, and large amounts of scent were released during the activity time of the beetle pollinators. Inflorescences emitted a high number of compounds of different biosynthetic origin, among them both uncommon and also widespread flower scents. Methoxylated aromatic compounds dominated the scent, and 4-methoxystyrene, the most abundant compound, attracted E. emarginata beetles. Other compounds, such as (Z)-jasmone and possibly also the methoxylated aromatic compound 3,4-dimethoxystyrene increased the attractiveness of 4-methoxystyrene. Methoxylated aromatics, which are known from other dynastid pollinated plants as well, are important signals in many scarab beetles in a different context (e.g., pheromones), thus suggesting that these plants exploit pre-existing preferences of the beetles for attracting this group of insects as pollinators. |
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Authors:
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Stefan Dötterl; Anja David; Wilhelm Boland; Ilse Silberbauer-Gottsberger; Gerhard Gottsberger |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: JOURNAL ARTICLE Date: 2012-11-11 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Journal of chemical ecology Volume: - ISSN: 1573-1561 ISO Abbreviation: J. Chem. Ecol. Publication Date: 2012 Nov |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2012-11-12 Completed Date: - Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 7505563 Medline TA: J Chem Ecol Country: - |
Other Details:
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Languages: ENG Pagination: - Citation Subset: - |
Affiliation:
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Department of Plant Systematics, University of Bayreuth, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany, stefan.doetterl@sbg.ac.at. |
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