| Evaluation of intracranial cerebrospinal fluid cytology in staging pediatric medulloblastomas, supratentorial primitive neuroectodermal tumors, and ependymomas. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 20672933 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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OBJECT: The objective of this study was to determine the role of intracranial CSF examination in detecting true cases of early tumor dissemination. Cerebrospinal fluid dissemination is an ominous feature of pediatric brain tumors, occurring in as many as 30% of medulloblastomas, 25% of supratentorial primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNETs), and 5% of ependymomas at diagnosis. Detecting early dissemination is important for determining both treatment and prognosis. Dissemination can be detected by evaluating imaging of the full neuraxis and by examining CSF cytology. Neuraxis MR imaging and lumbar CSF cytology evaluation are widely accepted methods for determining dissemination. However, the value of examining intracranial CSF cytology in detecting early dissemination is uncertain. METHODS: Under an institutional review board-approved protocol, medical records, pathology reports, and radiology reports for 150 patients who had undergone resection of brain tumors (88 with medulloblastomas, 21 with supratentorial PNETs, and 41 with ependymomas) and who had been evaluated using neuraxis MR imaging studies in the last 15 years were retrospectively reviewed. Radiology results were compared with the CSF cytology results and long-term disease outcomes. RESULTS: Between lumbar and intracranial CSF cytology results, 7 of 40 were discordant: in 2 intracranial CSF was negative and lumbar CSF was positive, and in 5 the reverse was true. The discordance percentage was 18%, with a kappa statistic of 0.36. Between MR imaging and lumbar CSF cytology results, 11 of 65 were discordant: in 9 the lumbar CSF was negative and MR imaging was positive, and in 2 the reverse was true. The discordance percentage is 17%, with a kappa statistic of 0.27. Between MR imaging and intracranial CSF cytology results, 8 of 52 were discordant: in 3 intracranial CSF was negative and MR imaging was positive, and in 5 the reverse was true. The discordance rate was 15%, with a kappa statistic of 0.41. Patients with positive and negative results on perioperative neuraxis MR imaging studies had a median survival of 26.8 and 33.1 months, respectively (p = 0.02). Patients with positive and negative results on perioperative lumbar CSF cytology had a median survival of 20.1 and 31.4 months, respectively (p = 0.11). Patients with positive and negative results on intracranial CSF cytology had a median survival of 31 and 31.4 months, respectively (p = 0.84). CONCLUSIONS: Discordance exists between the results of neuraxis MR imaging and lumbar and intracranial CSF cytology in perioperative detection of tumor dissemination for pediatric medulloblastoma, supratentorial PNETs, and ependymoma. In 1 case in this series, perioperative dissemination was detected by intracranial CSF cytology, but not by lumbar CSF cytology or neuraxis MR imaging. Isolated intracranial CSF cytology positivity may represent an earlier stage of disseminated disease. Complementary use of perioperative neuraxis MR imaging and lumbar and intracranial CSF cytology can reduce the incidence of missed diagnoses of dissemination. Survival analysis revealed that perioperative neuraxis MR imaging findings are correlated with survival, whereas perioperative lumbar and intracranial CSF cytology findings are not. |
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Authors:
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Sergei Terterov; Mark D Krieger; Ira Bowen; J Gordon McComb |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Journal of neurosurgery. Pediatrics Volume: 6 ISSN: 1933-0715 ISO Abbreviation: J Neurosurg Pediatr Publication Date: 2010 Aug |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2010-08-02 Completed Date: 2010-08-23 Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 101463759 Medline TA: J Neurosurg Pediatr Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 131-6 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Division of Neurosurgery, Childrens Hospital Los Angeles, Department of Neurological Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA. terterov@usc.edu |
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Adolescent Brain / pathology, surgery Cerebellar Neoplasms / drug therapy, mortality, pathology*, radiotherapy, surgery Cerebellum / pathology, surgery Cerebrospinal Fluid / cytology* Chemotherapy, Adjuvant Child Child, Preschool Combined Modality Therapy Ependymoma / drug therapy, mortality, pathology*, radiotherapy, surgery Female Follow-Up Studies Humans Infant Kaplan-Meiers Estimate Magnetic Resonance Imaging Male Medulloblastoma / drug therapy, mortality, pathology*, radiotherapy, surgery Neoplasm Staging Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive / drug therapy, mortality, pathology*, radiotherapy, surgery Predictive Value of Tests Radiotherapy, Adjuvant Supratentorial Neoplasms / drug therapy, mortality, pathology*, radiotherapy, surgery Survival Rate Young Adult |
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