| An Evaluation of Two Tourniquet Systems for the Control of Prehospital Lower Limb Hemorrhage. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 21768905 Owner: NLM Status: Publisher |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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BACKGROUND:: Hemorrhage remains the main cause of preventable death on the modern battlefield. As Improvised Explosive Devices in Afghanistan become increasingly powerful, more proximal limb injuries occur. Significant concerns now exist about the ability of the windlass tourniquet to control distal hemorrhage after mid-thigh application. To evaluate the efficacy of the Combat Application Tourniquet (CAT) windlass tourniquet in comparison to the newer Emergency and Military Tourniquet (EMT) pneumatic tourniquet. METHODS:: Serving soldiers were recruited from a military orthopedic outpatient clinic. Participants' demographics, blood pressure, and body mass index were recorded. Doppler ultrasound was used to identify the popliteal pulses bilaterally. The CAT was randomly self-applied by the participant at mid-thigh level, and the presence or absence of the popliteal pulse on Doppler was recorded. The process was repeated on the contralateral leg with the CAT now applied by a trained researcher. Finally, the EMT tourniquet was applied to the first leg and popliteal pulse change Doppler recorded again. RESULTS:: A total of 25 patients were recruited with 1 participant excluded. The self-applied CAT occluded popliteal flow in only four subjects (16.6%). The CAT applied by a researcher occluded popliteal flow in two subjects (8.3%). The EMT prevented all popliteal flow in 18 subjects (75%). This was a statistically significant difference at p < 0.001 for CAT versus EMT. CONCLUSION:: This study demonstrates that the CAT tourniquet is ineffective in controlling arterial blood flow when applied at mid-thigh level. The EMT was successful in a significantly larger number of participants. |
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Authors:
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David M Taylor; Gill M Vater; Paul J Parker |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: JOURNAL ARTICLE Date: 2011-7-15 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: The Journal of trauma Volume: - ISSN: 1529-8809 ISO Abbreviation: - Publication Date: 2011 Jul |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2011-7-19 Completed Date: - Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 0376373 Medline TA: J Trauma Country: - |
Other Details:
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Languages: ENG Pagination: - Citation Subset: - |
Affiliation:
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From the Department of Trauma & Orthopaedics (D.M.T., G.M.V.), Friarage Hospital, Northallerton, North Yorkshire; and The Academic Department of Military Surgery and Trauma (P.J.P.), Royal Centre for Defence Medicine, Birmingham, United Kingdom. |
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From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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